Evaluation of Simulated Winter Precipitation Using WRF-ARW during the ICE-POP 2018 Field Campaign

Lim, Kyo‐Sun Sunny; Chang, Eun‐Chul; Sun, Ruiyu; Kim, Kwonil; Tapiador, Francisco J.; Lee, GyuWon

doi:10.1175/waf-d-19-0236.1

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A field campaign named ICE-POP 2018 (International Collaborative Experiment for Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic winter games) took place in the Gangwon region to address this issue (Gehring et al, 2020a, b;Lim et al, 2020;Jeoung et al, 2020). The ICE-POP 2018, contributed to by 29 agencies from 12 countries, was a World Weather Research Program (WWRP) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and was led by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of wind pattern and complex topography on snow microphysics during ICE-POP 2018

Kim¹,

Bang²,

Chang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Snowfall in north-eastern part of South Korea is the result of complex snowfall mechanisms due to a highly-contrasting terrain combined with nearby warm waters and three synoptic pressure patterns. All these factors together create unique combinations, whose disentangling can provide new insights into the microphysics of snow in the planet. This study focuses on the impact of wind flow and topography on the microphysics drawing of twenty snowfall events during the ICE-POP 2018 (International Collaborative Experiment for Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic winter games) field campaign in the Gangwon region. The vertical structure of precipitation and size distribution characteristics are investigated with collocated MRR (Micro Rain Radar) and PARSIVEL (PARticle SIze VELocity) disdrometers installed across the mountain range. The results indicate that wind shear and embedded turbulence were the cause of the riming process dominating the mountainous region. As the strength of these processes weaken from the mountainous region to the coastal region, riming became less significant and gave way to aggregation. This study specifically analyzes the microphysical characteristics under three major synoptic patterns: air-sea interaction, cold low, and warm low. Air–sea interaction pattern is characterized by more frequent snowfall and vertically deeper precipitation systems in the windward side, resulting in significant aggregation in the coastal region, with riming featuring as a primary growth mechanism in both mountainous and coastal regions. The cold low pattern is characterized by a higher snowfall rate and vertically deep systems in mountainous region, with the precipitation system becoming shallower in the coastal region and strong turbulence being found in the layer below 2 km in the mountainous upstream region (linked with dominant aggregation). The warm low pattern features the deepest system: precipitation here is enhanced by the seeder–feeder mechanism with two different precipitation systems divided by the transition zone (easterly below and westerly above). Overall, it is found that strong shear and turbulence in the transition zone is a likely reason for the dominant riming process in mountainous region, with aggregation being important in both mountainous and coastal regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of wind pattern and complex topography on snow microphysics during ICE-POP 2018

Kim¹,

Bang²,

Chang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…The data sets used to perform the analyses central to this study were collected during the 2018 International Collaborative Experiment for PyeongChang Olympic and Paralympics (ICE-POP; Lee and Kim, 2019;Lim et al, 2020;Tapiador et al, 2021). ICE-POP, which took place between 1 November 2017 and 17 March 2018, was an international collaboration between a number of programs and agencies, including the NASA Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) Ground Validation program and the Korean Meteorological Administration (KMA).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Evaluation of Snowflake Particle Size and Shape Estimation Techniques used by the Precipitation Imaging Package (PIP), Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera (MASC), and Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer (2DVD)

Helms

Munchak

Tokay

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Measurements of snowflake particle size and shape are important for studying the snow microphysics. While a number of instruments exist that are designed to measure these important parameters, this study focuses on the measurement techniques of three digital video disdrometers: the Precipitation Imaging Package (PIP), the Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera (MASC) and the Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer (2DVD). To gain a better understanding of the relative strengths and weaknesses of these instruments and to provide a foundation upon which comparisons can be made between studies using data from different instruments, we perform a comparative analysis of the measurement algorithms employed by each of the three instruments by applying the algorithms to snowflake images captured by PIP during the ICEP-POP 2018 field campaign. Our analysis primarily focuses on the measurements of area, equivalent diameter, and aspect ratio. Our findings indicate that area and equi-area diameter measurements using the 2DVD camera setup should be the most accurate, followed by MASC, which is slightly more accurate than PIP. In terms of the precision of the area and equi-area diameter measurements, however, MASC is considerably more precise than PIP or 2DVD, which provide similar precision once the effects of the PIP image compression algorithm are taken into account. Both PIP and MASC use shape-fitting algorithms to measure aspect ratio. While our analysis of the MASC aspect ratio suggests the measurements are reliable, our findings indicate that both the ellipse and rectangle aspect ratios produced by PIP under-performed considerably due to the shortcomings of the PIP shape-fitting techniques. That said, we also demonstrate that reliable measurements of aspect ratio can be retrieved from PIP by reprocessing the PIP images using either the MASC shape-fitting technique or a tensor-based ellipse-fitting technique. Because of differences in instrument design, 2DVD produces measurements of particle horizontal and vertical extent rather than length and width. Furthermore, the 2DVD measurements of particle horizontal extent can be contaminated by horizontal particle motion. Our findings indicate that, although the correction technique used to remove the horizontal motion contamination performs remarkably well with snowflakes despite being designed for use with rain drops, the 2DVD measurements of particle horizontal extent are potentially unreliable.

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“…The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Double‐Moment 6‐class (WDM6) scheme, which is one of the microphysics schemes in the WRF model, diagnosed cloud ice number concentrations based on cloud ice mixing ratios (Hong et al., 2004). Even though WDM6 has been widely used for research and operational purposes (Byun et al., 2011; Hong et al., 2010; Lim et al., 2020; Song & Sohn, 2018), several studies showed that WDM6 produces excess cloud ice and graupel, compared to other microphysics schemes. Excessive generation of cloud ice and graupel through deposition and accretion led to a positive bias in surface precipitation during the winter season with the WDM6 scheme (Comin et al., 2018; Lim et al., 2020; McMillen & Steenburgh, 2015; Morrison et al., 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though WDM6 has been widely used for research and operational purposes (Byun et al., 2011; Hong et al., 2010; Lim et al., 2020; Song & Sohn, 2018), several studies showed that WDM6 produces excess cloud ice and graupel, compared to other microphysics schemes. Excessive generation of cloud ice and graupel through deposition and accretion led to a positive bias in surface precipitation during the winter season with the WDM6 scheme (Comin et al., 2018; Lim et al., 2020; McMillen & Steenburgh, 2015; Morrison et al., 2015). Excessive cloud ice in WDM6 can affect simulated precipitating convections even during the summer season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of Prognostic Cloud Ice Number Concentrations for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Double‐Moment 6‐Class (WDM6) Microphysics Scheme

Park

Lim

2023

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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Ice clouds play an important role in weather and climate systems by modulating radiative budget and precipitation processes. On average, 50% of global surface precipitation is related to ice clouds (Field & Heymsfield, 2015). Furthermore, the representation of ice microphysical processes influences the spatial and temporal distribution of surface precipitation and storm structures (Milbrandt & Yau, 2006). Some studies showed that ice cloud and radiation interaction is also important in reproducing precipitation intensity and distribution because the convection environment is affected by ice-cloud-radiation feedback (

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Evaluation of Simulated Winter Precipitation Using WRF-ARW during the ICE-POP 2018 Field Campaign

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Impact of wind pattern and complex topography on snow microphysics during ICE-POP 2018

Impact of wind pattern and complex topography on snow microphysics during ICE-POP 2018

A Comparative Evaluation of Snowflake Particle Size and Shape Estimation Techniques used by the Precipitation Imaging Package (PIP), Multi-Angle Snowflake Camera (MASC), and Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer (2DVD)

Implementation of Prognostic Cloud Ice Number Concentrations for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Double‐Moment 6‐Class (WDM6) Microphysics Scheme

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