Evaluation of silane-based surfactant nanohybrid as flow improver in a Malaysian light crude oil

Lim, Zhen Hao; Salim, Hikmat Said Al; Hasiholan, Bonavian; Ridzuan, Norida

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/469/1/012001

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…8 Influence of reaction time on the yield of PPD oil components with high molecular weights (such as waxes, resins, and asphaltenes) to be unable to cluster and form an aggregate; this finally affected bonds between the solid particles and reduced viscosity of the oil (Elarbe et al 2021). Therefore, the temperature mainly affected the viscosity and chemical structure of the crude oil components with high molecular weights (Deka et al 2018a;Lim et al 2019). Furthermore, it was noted that all prepared polymers at different temperatures strongly reduce the crude oil viscosity.…”

Section: Reaction Time (H)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterisation and pre-evaluation of a novel terpolymer as pour point depressants to improve the Malaysian crude oil flowability

Elganidi

Elarbe

Ridzuan

et al. 2022

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Wax deposition is considered one of the most serious operational issues in the crude oil pipelines. This issue occurs when the crude oil temperature decreases below the temperature of wax appearance and paraffin wax starts to precipitate on the pipelines’ inner walls. As a result, the crude oil flow is impeded because of the precipitated wax. The use of polymeric pour point depressants has obtained significant interest among researchers as an approach of wax control for enhancing the flowability of the waxy crude oil. PPD of poly(behenyl acrylate -co-stearyl methacrylate-co- maleic anhydride) (BA-co-SMA-co-MA) was facilely synthesised by the use of free radical polymerisation. The variation of the PPD structure was studied by choosing several essential parameters like monomers ratio, reaction time, initiator concentration, and reaction temperature. Furthermore, viscosity measurement, pour point, and cold finger apparatus have been employed to evaluate the efficiency of the synthesised Polymer. The chemical structure of poly(BA-co-SMA-co-MA) has been identified through the use of Fourier transform infrared as well as nuclear magnetic resonance. The experimental findings demonstrated that the ideal conditions for obtaining the highest yield were 1.5% initiator concentration, reaction time and temperature of 8 h and 100 °C, respectively, and monomer ratio of 1:1:1 (BA:SMA:MA). Under these ideal conditions, the prepared terpolymer reduced the crude oil viscosity at 30 °C and 1500 ppm from 7.2 to 3.2 mPa.s. The cold finger experiment demonstrated that after poly(BA-co-SMA-co-MA) was used as a wax inhibitor, the maximum efficiency of paraffin inhibition of 45.6% was achieved at 200 rpm and 5 °C. Besides, the best performance in depressing the pour point by ΔPP 14 ℃ observed at the concentration of 1500 ppm, which can change the growth characteristics of wax crystals and delay the aggregation of asphaltene and resin, thus effectively improving the flowability of crude oil.

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Section: Reaction Time (H)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterisation and pre-evaluation of a novel terpolymer as pour point depressants to improve the Malaysian crude oil flowability

Elganidi

Elarbe

Ridzuan

et al. 2022

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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“…Oil fields, such as Penara, Angsi, and Dulang, encounter critical wax deposition problem. These oil fields with a water depth of between 60 and 70 m have surface temperature of 34 °C and average seabed temperature of about 25 °C at the depth of 61 m (Lim et al 2019). Therefore, the wax prediction is critical because the accumulation of wax in pipelines is a significant concern in the petroleum industry (Alnaimat and Ziauddin 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of full factorial design to screen the factors influencing the wax deposition of Malaysian crude oil

Elarbe

Elganidi

Ridzuan

et al. 2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Wax deposition in production pipelines and transportation tubing from offshore to onshore is critical in the petroleum industry due to low-temperature conditions. The most significant popular approach to solve this issue is by inserting a wax inhibitor into the channel. This research aims to reduce the amount of wax formation of Malaysian crude oil by estimating the effective parameters using Design-Expert by full factorial design (FFD) method. Five parameters have been investigated, which are rotation speed (A), cold finger temperature (B), duration of experimental (C), the concentration of poly (stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate) (SABA) (D), and concentration of nano-silica SiO2 (E). The optimum conditions for reducing the amount of wax deposit have been identified using FFD at 300 rpm, 10 ℃, 1 h, 1200 ppm and 400 ppm, respectively. The amount of wax deposit estimated is 0.12 g. The regression model’s variance results revealed that the R2 value of 0.9876, showing 98.76% of the data variation, can be described by the model. The lack of fit is not important in comparison to the pure error, which is good. The lack of fit F value of 12.85 means that there is only a 7.41% probability that this huge can occur because of noise. The influence of cold finger temperature was reported as the main contributing factor in the formation of wax deposits compared to other factors. In addition, the interaction between factor B and factor C revealed the highest interaction effect on the wax deposition. In conclusion, the best interaction variables for wax inhibition can be determined using FFD. It is a valued tool to measure and detect the unique relations of two or more variables. As a result, the findings of this study can be used to develop a reliable model for predicting optimum conditions for reducing wax deposits and the associated costs and processing time.

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The Role of Nanoparticle-Gemini Surfactant to Improve the Flowability of the Malaysian Crude Oil

Vijayakumar

Zakaria

Ridzuan

2021

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Evaluation of silane-based surfactant nanohybrid as flow improver in a Malaysian light crude oil

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Synthesis, characterisation and pre-evaluation of a novel terpolymer as pour point depressants to improve the Malaysian crude oil flowability

Synthesis, characterisation and pre-evaluation of a novel terpolymer as pour point depressants to improve the Malaysian crude oil flowability

Application of full factorial design to screen the factors influencing the wax deposition of Malaysian crude oil

The Role of Nanoparticle-Gemini Surfactant to Improve the Flowability of the Malaysian Crude Oil

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