Evaluation of serum cystatin-C in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

Paşa, Serdar; Bayramli, Goksel; Atasoy, Abidin; Karul, Aslıhan; Ertuğ, Sema; Töz, Seray

doi:10.1007/s11259-008-9200-5

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The direct measurement of GFR through clearance tests would be the best method to assess real‐time functionality of the kidneys . The serum concentration of Cystatin C (Cys C) has been assessed in dogs with leishmaniasis, but in contrast to other types of early CKD, Cys C was not a good marker in dogs with leishmaniasis . Recently, symmetric dymethilarginine (SDMA) has been proposed as an early biomarker for early diagnosis of CKD .…”

Section: Laboratory Abnormalities That May Support or Confirm Leishmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory tests for diagnosing and monitoring canine leishmaniasis

Paltrinieri

Gradoni

Roura

et al. 2016

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

141

232

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Although several reviews on canine leishmaniasis have been published, none thoroughly described clinicopathologic abnormalities and their clinical usefulness. The aim of this review was to provide information concerning current diagnostic tests relevant for clinical pathologists and from a practical perspective. Specifically, in canine leishmaniasis, nonregenerative normocytic normochromic anemia, thrombocytopenia, or leukogram changes may be present. Clinical chemistry and urinalysis may indicate renal dysfunction (azotemia, decreased urine specific gravity, proteinuria) and an inflammatory/immune response (increased acute phase proteins [APP] or α - and/or γ-globulins). Although a potential gammopathy is usually polyclonal, it may also appear oligo- or monoclonal, especially in dogs coinfected by other vector-borne pathogens. When lesions are accessible to fine-needle aspiration (lymphoadenomegaly, nodular lesions, joint swelling), cytology is strongly advised, as the presence of Leishmania amastigotes in a pattern of pyogranulomatous inflammation or lymphoplasmacytic hyperplasia is diagnostic. If the cytologic pattern is inconclusive, the parasite should be identified by histology/immunohistochemistry or PCR on surgical biopsies. Alternatively, cytology and PCR may be performed on bone marrow samples where amastigotes, along with erythroid hypoplasia, myeloid hyperplasia, plasmacytosis, or secondary dysmyelopoiesis can be observed. Dogs with overt leishmaniasis generally have high antibody titers, while low titers predominate in immunologically resistant infected dogs or in exposed dogs with no parasite confirmation. Quantitative serology is recommended in clinically suspect dogs as high-titer antibodies titers may confirm the clinical diagnosis. In confirmed and treated dogs, renal function and inflammatory/immune response variables should be periodically monitored.

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Section: Laboratory Abnormalities That May Support or Confirm Leishmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory tests for diagnosing and monitoring canine leishmaniasis

Paltrinieri

Gradoni

Roura

et al. 2016

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

141

232

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“…Other renal biomarkers that have been evaluated in the serum and plasma of domestic species include cystatin C in dogs and cats and neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) and homocysteine in dogs as endogenous markers of GFR, and C‐reactive protein and Big‐Endothelin‐1 as markers of inflammation in dogs (Table ).…”

Section: Renal Biomarkers: Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal biomarkers in domestic species

Hokamp

Nabity

2016

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

133

147

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Current conventional tests of kidney damage and function in blood (serum creatinine and urea nitrogen) and urine (urine protein creatinine ratio and urine specific gravity) are widely used for diagnosis and monitoring of kidney disease. However, they all have important limitations, and additional markers of glomerular filtration rate and glomerular and tubular damage are desirable, particularly for earlier detection of renal disease when therapy is most effective. Additionally, urinary markers of kidney damage and function may help localize damage to the affected portion of the kidney. In general, the presence of high- and intermediate-molecular weight proteins in the urine are indicative of glomerular damage, while low-molecular weight proteins and enzymes in the urine suggest tubular damage due to decreased reabsorption of proteins, direct tubular damage, or both. This review aims to discuss many of these new blood and urinary biomarkers in domestic veterinary species, focusing primarily on dogs and cats, how they may be used for diagnosis of renal disease, and their limitations. Additionally, a brief discussion of serum creatinine is presented, highlighting its limitations and important considerations for its improved interpretation in domestic species based on past literature and recent studies.

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“…Although cystatin C may eventually supplant creatinine as a marker of renal disease in people, studies in dogs have yielded conflicting results. Serum cystatin C increases in dogs with naturally occurring diseases associated with renal impairment, and is a more sensitive marker of renal disease than creatinine (de Scally et al, 2006; Antognoni et al, 2007; Wehner et al, 2008; Miyagawa et al, 2009; Pasa et al, 2009); however, creatinine is slightly more specific (Wehner et al, 2008). …”

Section: Markers and Techniques For Gfr Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of glomerular filtration rate testing in dogs and cats

Hendy-Willson

Pressler

2011

The Veterinary Journal

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Determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a valuable, yet underused, diagnostic tool for evaluating renal function in dogs and cats. This article first reviews the hormonal and hemodynamic factors which contribute to GFR, followed by a description of considerations when selecting a pharmacokinetic model and methods of animal-to-animal standardization. The bestcharacterized existing GFR markers, including creatinine, radiolabeled markers, and iohexol, are reviewed in depth, as well as alternative but lesser-used techniques. A weighted means analysis of reported GFR measurements in healthy dogs and cats and a review of selected studies that have examined GFR alterations in animals with naturally-occurring and experimental diseases provide the reader with preliminary guidelines on expected GFR results in these species and disease conditions.

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Evaluation of serum cystatin-C in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Laboratory tests for diagnosing and monitoring canine leishmaniasis

Laboratory tests for diagnosing and monitoring canine leishmaniasis

Renal biomarkers in domestic species

An overview of glomerular filtration rate testing in dogs and cats

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