Evaluation of serum and salivary lipid profile: A correlative study

Singh, Simranjit; Ramesh, Vengalathur Ganesan; Oza, Nirima; Balamurali, Pennagaram Dhanasekaran; Prashad, Karthikshree V; Balakrishnan, Pachamuthu

doi:10.4103/0973-029x.131881

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Saliva samples were used as specimens to analyze the association of the candidate variant with metabolic complications related to obesity. Parallel validation studies have been reported in the literature indicating the possibility of saliva to be a non-invasive surrogate marker for blood glucose and blood lipid measures (Mascarenhas et al, 2014; Singh et al, 2014; Shi et al, 2015; Hartman et al, 2016). The study population consisted of a sub-sample of Kuwaiti children drawn from previous studies (Goodson et al, 2013, 2014; Shi et al, 2015; Hartman et al, 2016) and used information collected during the original study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Central obesity was based on WC ≥90th percentile. Elevated blood pressure was based on either SBP (>130 mmHg) or DBP (>85 mmHg), high salivary glucose was defined as ≥1.13 mg/dL; equivalent to an extrapolated blood concentration of 100 mg/dL (Mascarenhas et al, 2014) and low salivary HDLC was defined as ≤0.6 mg/dL; equivalent to an extrapolated blood concentration of 40 mg/dL (Singh et al, 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Caveolin-1 Variant Is Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome in Kuwaiti Children

Nizam

Al‐Ozairi

Goodson³

et al. 2018

Front. Genet.

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Caveolin-1 (CAV1) variants have been suggested to be associated with obesity and related metabolic disorders, but information based on human studies is limited. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential association between the CAV1 rs1997623 C/A variant and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Kuwaiti children. DNA from saliva samples collected from 1313 Kuwaiti children (mean age: 12 years) were genotyped using the TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. The classification of MetS was based on the presence/absence of four indicators; (1) central obesity, (2) elevated systolic or diastolic blood pressure, (3) low salivary high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and (4) high salivary glucose. In this study, children with MetS scored ≥3, children in the intermediate metabolic group scored 1 or 2 and children without MetS scored 0. About one-third of the children were obese. A total of 246 children (18.7%) were classified as having MetS; 834 children (63.5%) were in the intermediate metabolic group, and 233 children (17.7%) had no indication of MetS. Obesity was highly prevalent in the MetS group (91.9%) while 26.8% of children were obese in the intermediate metabolic group. None of the children were obese in the group without MetS. Analysis of the CAV1 rs1997623 variant revealed a significant association of the A-allele (p = 0.01, Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.66) and the heterozygous CA-genotype (p = 0.005, OR = 1.88) with MetS. Consistently, the A-allele (p = 0.002, OR = 1.71) and CA-genotype (p = 0.005, OR = 1.70) also showed significant association with the intermediate metabolic group. Furthermore, the A-allele (p = 0.01, OR = 1.33) and the CA-genotype (p = 0.008, OR = 1.55) were associated with low levels of saliva HDLC. Individuals who were heterozygous or homozygous for the variant (CA/AA) showed significantly lower levels of high HDLC compared to those harboring the CC-genotype (p = 0.023). Our study revealed a novel association of the CAV1 rs1997623 variant with the MetS and with low saliva HDLC levels in young Kuwaiti children and indicated the need for further in-depth studies to unravel the role of CAV1 gene in the genetic etiology of MetS.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caveolin-1 Variant Is Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome in Kuwaiti Children

Nizam

Al‐Ozairi

Goodson³

et al. 2018

Front. Genet.

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“…Saliva samples were collected rather than blood samples in recognition of salivary assay as a source of valuable surrogate information [ 18 , 19 ], to reduce anxiety in our Kuwait subjects (10 year old children) [ 20 ] and to promote their willingness to participate in our study. The use of non-invasive procedures throughout the study was directly related to our ability to enroll over 8,000 children/year within the Kuwaiti school system…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Metabolic Syndrome Scores for Children Using Salivary Biomarkers

Shi¹,

Goodson²,

Hartman³

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundBinary definitions of the metabolic syndrome based on the presence of a particular number of individual risk factors are limited, particularly in the pediatric population. To address this limitation, we aimed at constructing composite and continuous metabolic syndrome scores (cmetS) to represent an overall measure of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a large cohort of metabolically at-risk children, focusing on the use of the usual clinical parameters (waist circumference (WC) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), supplemented with two salivary surrogate variables (glucose and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC). Two different approaches used to create the scores were evaluated in comparison.MethodsData from 8,112 Kuwaiti children (10.00 ± 0.67 years) were used to construct two cmetS for each subject. The first cmetS (cmetS-Z) was created by summing standardized residuals of each variable regressed on age and gender; and the second cmetS (cmetS-PCA) was defined as the first principal component from gender-specific principal component analysis based on the four variables.ResultsThere was a graded relationship between both scores and the number of adverse risk factors. The areas under the curve using cmetS-Z and cmetS-PCA as predictors for severe metabolic syndrome (defined as the presence of ≥3 metabolic risk factors) were 0.935 and 0.912, respectively. cmetS-Z was positively associated with WC, SBP, and glucose, but inversely associated with HDLC. Except for the lack of association with glucose, cmetS-PCA was similar to cmetS-Z in boys, but had minimum loading on HDLC in girls. Analysis using quantile regression showed an inverse association of fitness level with cmetS-PCA (p = 0.001 for boys; p = 0.002 for girls), and comparison of cmetS-Z and cmetS-PCA suggested that WC and SBP were main contributory components. Significant alterations in the relationship between cmetS and salivary adipocytokines were demonstrated in overweight and obese children as compared to underweight and normal-weight children.ConclusionWe have derived continuous summary scores for MetS from a large-scale pediatric study using two different approaches, incorporating salivary measures as surrogate for plasma measures. The derived scores were viable expressions of metabolic risk, and can be utilized to study the relationships of MetS with various aspects of the metabolic disease process.

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“…Development of a non-invasive method for the regular monitoring of glucose and HbA1c levels are of primary importance as the conventional diagnosis and monitoring methods using venipuncture induces psychological stress in the patients 21 . Saliva is now being considered as one of the alternative samples for the blood since the collection of saliva is easier, non-invasive and economical 22 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

IJPSR

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Diabetes is a non-communicable disease characterized by increased blood glucose. As regular monitoring of glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in diabetic individual's blood causes psychological stress, development of a non-invasive technique to quantify glucose and HbA1c are essential. This study was carried out to compare and correlate the blood and salivary glucose and blood HbA1c levels in diabetic individuals. Results showed that mean blood and saliva glucose levels were higher in the uncontrolled diabetic group than controlled diabetic and control groups. Blood HbA1c level was also elevated in uncontrolled type-2 diabetes (T2D) group, followed by controlled diabetic and control groups. A significant difference was noticed between the blood and saliva glucose levels of control and uncontrolled T2D groups. Further, the difference in serum HbA1C levels between control, controlled T2D, and uncontrolled T2D groups was also significant. Taken together, these results explicated the use of saliva as a non-invasive, painless technique in the management of T2D patients.

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Evaluation of serum and salivary lipid profile: A correlative study

Cited by 30 publications

References 11 publications

Caveolin-1 Variant Is Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome in Kuwaiti Children

Caveolin-1 Variant Is Associated With the Metabolic Syndrome in Kuwaiti Children

Continuous Metabolic Syndrome Scores for Children Using Salivary Biomarkers

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