Evaluation of selected mechanisms of immune tolerance in psoriasis

Abstract

Introduction Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease with an excessively aberration of the Th17/Treg balance and deficiency of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Aim Evaluation of Treg markers expression in the lesional and perilesional psoriatic skin and serum anti-inflammatory cytokines in male psoriatic patients compared to healthy men. Material and methods Treg markers (FoxP3+, CD4, CTLA-4, CD25/IL-2R, CD39/ENTPD1, IL-7R/CD127, CD3) and tissue expression of protective cytokines (IL-10, IL-35, TGF-β) in the lesional and perilesional psoriatic skin from 33 male patients compared to 6 healthy skin samples were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. ELISA was used to assess serum IL-10, IL-35 and TGF-β levels. Results The serum levels of IL-35, IL-10 and TGF-β1 were higher in psoriatic patients than in controls but without any statistically significant relationship with PASI. The expressions of IL-35, CD4, IL-10, TGF-β1, CD3, FOXP3 and CD25/IL-2R were varied in different experimental groups ( p < 0.05). The level of IL-35 was the lowest in psoriatic lesions ( p < 0.05) compared to perilesional skin and to controls. CD4, IL-10 and TGF-β1 expressions were higher ( p < 0.05) in perilesional skin than in lesions. TGF-β1 expression was decreased in psoriatic lesions compared to controls ( p < 0.05). CD25/IL2R expression was increased in healthy skin compared to psoriatic skin ( p < 0.05). FOXP3 expression was elevated in psoriatic skin compared to healthy and perilesional one. There was no difference between experimental groups in CTLA-4, IL7R/CD127 and CD39/ENTPD1 expression. Conclusions The differences between the levels of protective cytokines and expression of Treg markers might explain the inflammation development in psoriasis.

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota and its correlation with dysregulation of cytokines in psoriasis patients

“…Through the correlation analysis of clinical phenotypes with microbes, we found a strong positive correlation between Phascolarctobacterium and IL-2R. Psoriasis is a chronic in ammatory skin disease in which effector T cells are increased in peripheral blood and IL-2R as an activation marker of T cells is signi cantly elevated in psoriasis patients (28,29). Microbiome dysbiosis has been proven to trigger several immune disorders through the activity of T cells and lead to an in ammatory process (30,31).…”

Circulating CD14+HLA‐DR−/low Myeloid‐Derived Suppressor Cells as Potential Biomarkers for the Identification of Psoriasis TCM Blood‐Heat Syndrome and Blood‐Stasis Syndrome

“…Defects in the number and function of Treg cells can induce the development and progression of psoriasis [41]. FOXP3 is a more specific marker of Treg cells than CD4 and CD25, and it is very important for the development and activity of Treg cells [42]. In the current study, FOXP3 mRNA expression in PBMCs was not significantly different in psoriatic patients compared to healthy controls; however, it was significantly increased in the psoriatic BS syndrome group when compared to the BH syndrome group.…”

Pathogenesis of psoriasis in the “omic” era. Part III. Metabolic disorders, metabolomics, nutrigenomics in psoriasis in psoriasis

“…Psoriasis is a disease in which a complex pathomechanism is associated with the activation of Th17/IL-17 and abnormalities of Th17/Treg balance axis, which leads to abnormal proliferation of epidermal cells, inflammatory infiltration and vascular lesions in the dermis, and consequently the development of typical lesions [1,2]. However, this mechanism does not fully explain the frequent occurrence of metabolic disorders (insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases), especially in patients with a severe course of the disease [3,4].…”