Evaluation of saliva collection devices for the analysis of steroids, peptides and therapeutic drugs

Gröschl, Michael; Köhler, Henrik; Topf, Hans-Georg; Rupprecht, Thomas; Rauh, Manfred

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2008.01.033

Cited by 142 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Most of them contain a solid base, usually consisting of a small piece of cotton or polyester for saliva absorption and a conical tube for centrifugation and recovery of the collected liquid. Among the most common commercial systems that use solid bases are: Oral Salimetrics Swab (Salimetrics ® LLC) Salivette ® and Cortisol ® Salivette (Sarstedt, Newton, NC) and Orapette (Trinity Biotech, Dublin, Ireland) (22) .…”

Section: Methods For Saliva Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, saliva and analyte recovery may vary considerably in each method, mainly owing to the fact that some analytes may adhere to the cotton, causing false lower values (14,22,37) .…”

Section: Methods For Saliva Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The collected saliva (saliva + extraction solution) is subsequently transferred via vacuum system to graduated transport tubes, which permit to quantify the total volume of collected solution (22,45) . This system of saliva collection has been recently tested using routine laboratory methods and has demonstrated reliable and reproducible results for measurement of calcium, magnesium (49) , α-amylase, uric acid (45) , IgA, cortisol and therapeutic drugs (22) . Nonetheless, certain analytes are prone to interference due to pH and additives present in the extraction solution (45) .…”

Section: Methods For Saliva Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with other commercially available systems, SCS requires further care during the collection so that there is no exchange of washing and extraction solutions. Moreover, it is highly costly (22) .…”

Section: Methods For Saliva Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saliva as a diagnostic fluid in sports medicine: potential and limitations

Nunes¹,

Macedo²

2013

J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab.

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The use of saliva in the diagnosis of pathologies and/or monitoring of athletes in competitions or trainings is an attractive alternative due to the fact that samples are easily obtained and it is mostly a less invasive method in comparison with venous blood collection. The saliva is a hypotonic fluid in relation to plasma, containing compounds produced in the salivary glands (immunoglobulin A [IgA] and α-amylase) as well as compounds diffused in the plasma (water, electrolytes, proteins, metabolites and hormones). It plays a pivotal role in the protection of oral mucosa against microbes and in food digestion. Its production and composition depend on the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity, whose antagonistic action may result in different saliva volumes with distinct ionic and protein profiles. The aim of this review was to present a critical analysis of the potential and limitations of saliva as a diagnostic tool in sports medicine. Although there are studies that have deployed it to monitor athletes in training and doping, the standardization of some preanalytical variables are still required, among which the following ones are worth mentioning: the accurate choice of collection system, which allows the easy quantification of volume with adequate sample recovery; well-defined collection schedules in accordance with the circadian variations of the analyte; prevention of sample contamination with blood from oral mucosa lesions. Another key point for its application in sports is the establishment of reference intervals for analytes quantified in the saliva, collected from a population that comprises healthy individual that exercise regularly and systematically, with physical activity progression.

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Section: Methods For Saliva Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods For Saliva Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods For Saliva Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods For Saliva Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Saliva as a diagnostic fluid in sports medicine: potential and limitations

Nunes¹,

Macedo²

2013

J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab.

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“…A saliva produzida foi então depositada pelo trabalhador no interior do tubo até atingir cerca de 1 mL. Essas modificações foram introduzidas para evitar a possibilidade de viés metodológico que poderia comprometer os resultados (GRÖSCHL et al, 2008).…”

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Avaliação dos impactos do trabalho em turnos noturnos na produção de citocinas inflamatórias salivares e na secreção dos hormônios rítmicos melatonina e cortisol

Reinhardt¹

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Speichel als Matrix für das Humanbiomonitoring in der Arbeits‐ und Umweltmedizin [Biomonitoring Methods in German Language, 2015]

Michalke

Roßbach

Göen

et al. 2016

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Saliva as a matrix for human biomonitoring in occupational and environmental medicine Purpose : Human biomonitoring (HBM) implies the assessment of internal exposure to hazardous substances by measuring the substances, their metabolites or reaction products, as well as effect parameters in human body fluids. Along with blood, plasma and urine, saliva is of increasing interest as an alternative matrix for HBM. Methods : This paper reviews studies that measure salivary background levels of hazardous substances, elevated levels after environmental or occupational exposure, as well as references which deal with physiological and toxicokinetic behaviour of saliva and salivary parameters, respectively. Results : The studies revealed that the determination of biomarkers in saliva is a promising approach for HBM, even if only few substances showed a satisfying correlation with exposure data or established biomonitoring matrices such as blood, plasma and urine. Saliva has been proven to be particularly suitable for substances of low molecular weight such as organic solvents, selected pesticides, cotinine, and for some specific trace elements. Besides several advantages, serious problems and limitations were identified. Above all, the complex interactions between substance properties, sampling procedure, sample preparation, measurement techniques or individual factors, and the salivary analyte level are discussed. Conclusions : A major conclusion of the review is that more scientific studies are needed in order to systematically collect data on parameters, influencing salivary analyte levels. Crucially required is a harmonisation of the sampling as well as the sample preparation techniques and procedures, which is indispensable to achieve an overall comparability and interpretability of salivary biomarker levels.

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Evaluation of saliva collection devices for the analysis of steroids, peptides and therapeutic drugs

Cited by 142 publications

References 41 publications

Saliva as a diagnostic fluid in sports medicine: potential and limitations

Saliva as a diagnostic fluid in sports medicine: potential and limitations

Avaliação dos impactos do trabalho em turnos noturnos na produção de citocinas inflamatórias salivares e na secreção dos hormônios rítmicos melatonina e cortisol

Speichel als Matrix für das Humanbiomonitoring in der Arbeits‐ und Umweltmedizin [Biomonitoring Methods in German Language, 2015]

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