Evaluation of Risk Behavior in Gambling Addicted and Opioid Addicted Individuals

Gorzelańczyk, Edward Jacek; Walecki, Piotr; Błaszczyszyn, Monika; Laskowska, Ewa; Kawala-Sterniuk, Aleksandra

doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.597524

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Risk tolerance is operationalised as the proportion of high versus low-risk selections. Damage to VMPFC63 and conditions linked to impulsivity64–66 are associated with higher risk tolerance. Participants will complete five blocks of 20 IGT trials.…”

Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal thoughts and behaviours among military veterans: protocol for a prospective, observational, neuroimaging study

et al. 2023

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IntroductionThis study’s overarching goal is to examine the relationship between brain circuits and suicidal thoughts and behaviours (STBs) in a transdiagnostic sample of US military veterans. Because STBs have been linked with maladaptive decision-making and disorders linked to impulsivity, this investigation focuses on valence and inhibitory control circuits.Methods and analysisIn this prospective, observational study, we will collect functional MRI (fMRI), cognitive and clinical data from 136 veterans (target sample size) recruited from the Providence VA Health System (PVAHS): 68 with STBs and 68 matched controls. Behavioural data will be collected using standardised measures of STBs, psychiatric symptoms, cognition, functioning and medical history. Neuroimaging data will include structural, task and resting fMRI. We will conduct follow-up interviews and assessments at 6, 12 and 24 months post-enrolment. Primary analyses will compare data from veterans with and without STBs and will also evaluate whether activation and connectivity within circuits of valence and inhibition covary with historical and prospective patterns of suicidal ideation and behaviour.Ethics and disseminationThe PVAHS Institutional Review Board approved this study (2018–051). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Findings from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at local, regional, national and international conferences.Nauder Namaky, Ph.D.* nauder_namaky@brown.edu

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Section: Methods and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidal thoughts and behaviours among military veterans: protocol for a prospective, observational, neuroimaging study

et al. 2023

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“…Another typical feature of addiction is the bias towards the reward pursuit of addictive behaviors while ignoring their risks in cognitive decision-making (20). Behavioral studies have found that when performing the delay discounting and gambling tasks, compared with the control group, the addiction group showed an impulsive pursuit of immediate rewards while ignoring the long-term risk of loss (21,22). Similarly, this also happened in Internet game and heroin addicts who prefer rewards and ignore risks when making decisions.…”

Section: Cognitive Decision-making Favors Rewards and Ignores Risksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Neural Circuitry Mechanisms between Internet Game Addiction and Heroin Addiction

Wang

2023

Sci Insights

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Internet game addiction and heroin addiction have many similar clinical manifestations, but whether they share similar neural mechanisms is yet clearly known. Based on MRI data, it was found that the two types of addictions have some damages in the same brain structure and function, and the four addiction-related circuits as cognitive control loop, reward prediction and pleasure loop, motivation drive and salience attribution loop, and learning and memory loop showed widespread and enhanced activation. However, the brain damage area of heroin addiction is biased towards the higher cognitive control circuit and reward circuit, and the scope of damage is wider showing the functional connectivity of the four circuits is reduced, while the brain damage of internet game addiction mainly occurs in relatively low-level memory-learning circuits and motivation circuits, and the scope of damage is also relatively narrow by indicating decreased functional connectivity only occurs between cognitive control and memory-learning circuits. This indicates that the neural mechanisms underlying the two types of addictive behaviors have both similarities and differences. This review compares above-mentioned four circuitry mechanisms between internet game addiction and heroin addiction to highlight the underlying neural similarities between them and provide insights into potential interventional strategies.

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“…Prescription painkillers such as oxycodone, hydrocodone, and morphine are members of the opioid medication class. The approaches that combine medicine and behavioral therapy are often the most successful (Gorzelańczyk et al, 2021). To aid people in maintaining their recovery and preventing relapse, it is also crucial to provide continuing assistance and supervision (Hodge, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioid dependency and intervention: A critical examination of the neurobiological foundations

Nidode,

Natarajan,

Rajathi

et al. 2024

Multidiscip. Rev.

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Opioids strongly modulate numerous physiological and psychological functions. They may induce euphoria and analgesia, which cultures have sought for generations when administered abruptly. Chronic opioid usage alters neural circuitry and creates a drug-dependent condition. During drug withdrawal, allostatic alterations caused by drug dependence are evident. Drug use stops a temporary coordinated allostatic re-established of neural circuits, which manifest as physiology and psychological consequences that are the opposite of those seen throughout sensitive drug intoxicates. Physical withdrawal symptoms, for example, go away in a matter of days, although other symptoms, such as dysphoria, sleeplessness, and anxiety, might last. Some adaptations, like gathered connections, can become permanent. The brain circuitry, cellular processes, and opioids drug dependence suggest a potential role for neuroinflammation. The taught association involving opioids and alleviation from a preexisting or withdrawal-induced anxiogenic and dysphoric state leads to opioids-addicted behaviors. Drug cravings among susceptible persons living in an increasingly pressured environment would be fueled by a taught link between drug use and respite from unpleasant moods. We contend that the present opioids crisis in the USA is exacerbated by this path to addiction.

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Evaluation of Risk Behavior in Gambling Addicted and Opioid Addicted Individuals

Cited by 3 publications

References 71 publications

Suicidal thoughts and behaviours among military veterans: protocol for a prospective, observational, neuroimaging study

Suicidal thoughts and behaviours among military veterans: protocol for a prospective, observational, neuroimaging study

Comparison of Neural Circuitry Mechanisms between Internet Game Addiction and Heroin Addiction

Opioid dependency and intervention: A critical examination of the neurobiological foundations

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