Evaluation of Respiratory Symptoms Among Youth e-Cigarette Users

Tackett, Alayna P.; Keller‐Hamilton, Brittney; Smith, Caitlin E.; Hébert, Emily T.; Metcalf, Jordan P.; Queimado, Lurdes; Stevens, Elise M.; Wallace, Samantha W; McQuaid, Elizabeth L.; Wagener, Theodore L.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20671

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…Overall, respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm production, or shortness of breath) were reported in approximately 28% of the sample, a much higher frequency than those symptoms previously reported in another research. (9)(10)(11) Compared to never users, e-cigarette use was associated with up to 50% increased odds of respiratory symptoms; the highest odds were found for those using some day, followed by former users of e-cigarette.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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E-cigarette use and Respiratory Symptoms in Residents of the United States: A BRFSS Report

Varella

Andrade

Shaffer

et al. 2022

Preprint

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PurposeE-cigarettes are the most common type of electronic nicotine delivery system in the United States, rapidly gaining presence worldwide. E-cigarettes contain numerous toxic compounds that have been shown to induce mild to severe structural damage to the airways. The objective of this study is to assess if there is an association between e-cigarette use and respiratory symptoms in adults in the US as reported in the BRFSS in an attempt to drive potential early detection and prevention of severe or permanent respiratory disease.MethodsWe analyzed data from 18,079 adults, 18-44 years, who participated at the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) in the year 2017. E-cigarette smoking status was categorized as current everyday user, current some days user, former smoker, and never smoker. The frequency of any respiratory symptoms (cough, phlegm, or shortness of breath) was compared. We calculated unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsThe BRFSS reported prevalence of smoking e-cigarettes was 6%. About 28% of the participants reported any of the respiratory symptoms assessed. The frequency of reported respiratory symptoms was highest among current some days e-cigarette users (45%). After adjusting for selected participant’s demographic, socio-economic, and behavioral characteristics, and asthma and COPD status, the odds of reporting respiratory symptoms increased by 49% among those who use e-cigarettes some days (OR 1.49; 95% CI: 1.06-2.11), and by 29% among those who were former users (OR 1.29; 95% CI: 1.07-1.55) compared with those who never used e-cigarettes. No statistically significant association was found for those who used e-cigarettes every day (OR 1.41; 95% CI 0.96-2.08)ConclusionE-cigarettes cannot be considered safe alternatives to combustible traditional cigarettes. Cohort studies may shed more evidence on the association between e-cigarette use and specific respiratory diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E-cigarette is also associated with wheezing, chronic cough, phlegm, or bronchitis in children and adults. (9)(10)(11). The results of a recently published systematic review estimated that the pooled OR associated with e-cigarette use for asthma was 1.39 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28-1.51) and for COPD was 1.49 (95% CI 1.36-1.65) (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

E-cigarette use and Respiratory Symptoms in Residents of the United States: A BRFSS Report

Varella

Andrade

Shaffer

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…A survey conducted on 3,488 schoolchildren aged 6-17 years in Switzerland investigated the association between active smoking of CC, EC and shishas and current respiratory symptoms, and found that dyspnea and wheeze were more widespread among frequent smokers, i.e., those who smoked at least once/week (30 and 12%, respectively), and occasional smokers (22 and 13%) [1.56-4.08] for >3 days), compared with non-EC users (p for trend = 0.001) (24). More recently, in a cohort study of 7,049 adolescents, the association of EC use alone with wheezing in the past 12 months proved not to be significant (25). Overall, it should be pointed out that data from the aforementioned studies are self-reported and may be subjected to recall bias.…”

Section: Post-natal Respiratory Effects Of Ec Exposure In Childhoodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of E-Cigarette Exposure on Prenatal Life and Childhood Respiratory Health: A Review of Current Evidence

2021

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In the last decade, widespread use of E-cigarettes (EC) has occurred all over the world. Whereas, a large amount of evidence on harm to children from conventional cigarette exposure is available, data on health effects in this population throughout different vulnerability windows are still a matter of concern. Exposure to EC during pregnancy may compromise placental function, resulting in fetal structural abnormalities. Specifically, this may cause physio-pathologic changes in the developing lung, which in turn may impair respiratory health later in life. Furthermore, there is evidence that using EC can cause both short- and long-term respiratory problems in the pediatric population and there is great concern for future young people with nicotine addiction. The low parental perception of the risks connected to EC exposure for children increases their susceptibility to harmful effects from passive vaping. This minireview aims to summarize the current evidence focusing on: (i) prenatal effects of EC passive exposure; (ii) post-natal respiratory effects of EC exposure in youth; (iii) parental attitudes toward EC use and perception of children's health risks connected to EC exposure; and (iv) addressing gaps in our current evidence.

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“…Accordingly, some of the most common questions during the COVID-19 epidemic were whether e-cigarette use increased the risk for being infected with SARS-CoV-2 and whether vaping increased severity and mortality. Although these questions have not yet been answered to our satisfaction in human subjects, the data are most supportive of e-cigarette users having more respiratory symptoms even before viral infections, [40][41][42][43] with potentially increased symptoms in the setting of COVID-19. 44 One national cross-sectional survey of adolescents and young adults (aged 13-24 years) performed in May 2020 found that both e-cigarette users and dual e-cigarette and cigarette users were more likely to receive a diagnosis of COVID-19 compared with nonusers, and ever-users of e-cigarettes were five times more likely to test positive (OR ¼ 5.05; 95% CI, 1.82-13.96), 45 although the authors noted that there were likely both immunologic and social contributors to positive testing among e-cigarette-using young adults.…”

Section: Cellular Immunomodulationmentioning

confidence: 99%