Evaluation of remediation processes for explosive‐contaminated soils: kinetics and Microtox<sup>®</sup> bioassay

Oh, Seok‐Young; Yoon, Hyun-Su; Jeong, Tae-Yong; Kim, Sang Don

doi:10.1002/jctb.4658

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Table 4 shows the physio-chemical characteristics of selected explosive compounds, each of which have the potential to pose specific environmental risks as discussed later [4,11,[88][89][90]. Table 5 presents a summary of the sampling studies of explosive compounds for surface and subsurface soil at different military ranges [6,8,79,. Based on the reviewed studies and their findings, it could be stated that the fate of explosive compounds is governed by both abiotic and biotic processes after their introduction into the terrestrial environment [4,79,100].…”

Section: Contamination and Transformation Of Soil By Energetic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was speculated that some blistering agents were used on arid soils of the Persian Gulf region during the Iran-Iraq War or the following Iraqi aggression against Kuwait [133]. For the first time, tabun (GA) and sarin (GB) nerve agents have been used in war zones by Iraq against Iran during the first Persian Gulf War and also against the Kurdish rebels (unreacted sarin and its breakdown products were detected) [8,127,130,134].…”

Section: Exposure Of Soil To Chemical Warfare Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sarin is expected to decompose in soil within five days (<90%). Sarin's persistence can increase at low temperatures where it can remain on snow for two−four weeks when deposited as droplets [8,130]. In hot and dry conditions, it migrates through soil in gaseous form, having approximately five times the density of air.…”

Section: Constituentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Potential human exposure may lead to adverse effects including damage to vital organs such as the liver and kidneys, pathology of red blood cells, and irritation of epithelial tissues [1,3,6]. For decades, extended areas belonging to military facilities have remained widely contaminated with toxic compounds, mainly explosives and munitions (and their residues) containing harmful substances including but not limited to antimony (Sb), lead (Pb), uranium (U), 2, 4-dinitrotoluene (DNT), 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1, 3, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) [7][8][9][10]. A large majority of these compounds are resistant to biological degradation or treatment and thus remain in the biosphere, becoming a contamination source potentially harmful to human health and the environment due to their possible toxic impacts [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Soil Contamination in Areas Impacted by Military Activities: A Critical Review

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Military activities drastically affect soil properties mainly via physical/chemical disturbances during military training and warfare. The present paper aims to review (1) physical/chemical disturbances in soils following military activities, (2) approaches to characterization of contaminated military-impacted sites, and (3) advances in human health risk assessment for evaluating potential adverse impacts. A literature search mainly covering the period 2010–2020 but also including relevant selected papers published before 2010 was conducted. Selected studies (more than 160) were grouped as follows and then reviewed: ~40 on the presence of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), ~20 on energetic compounds (ECs) and chemical warfare agents (CWAs), ~40 on human health risk assessment, and generic limits/legislation, and ~60 supporting studies. Soil physical disturbances (e.g., compaction by military traffic) may drastically affect soil properties (e.g., hydraulic conductivity) causing environmental issues (e.g., increased erosion). Chemical disturbances are caused by the introduction of numerous PTEs, ECs, and CWAs and are of a wide nature. Available generic limits/legislation for these substances is limited, and their contents do not always overlap. Among numerous PTEs in military-impacted zones, Pb seems particularly problematic due to its high toxicity, abundance, and persistence. For ECs and CWAs, their highly variable physiochemical properties and biodegradability govern their specific distribution, environmental fate, and transport. Most site characterization includes proper spatial/vertical profiling, albeit without adequate consideration of contaminant speciation/fractionation. Human health risk assessment studies generally follow an agreed upon framework; however, the depth/adequacy of their use varies. Generic limits/legislation limited to a few countries do not always include all contaminants of concern, their content doesn’t overlap, and scientific basis is not always clear. Thus, a comprehensive scientific framework covering a range of contaminants is needed. Overall, contaminant speciation, fractionation, and mobility have not been fully considered in numerous studies. Chemical speciation and bioaccessibility, which directly affect the results for risk characterization, should be properly integrated into risk assessment processes for accurate results.

show abstract

Section: Contamination and Transformation Of Soil By Energetic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exposure Of Soil To Chemical Warfare Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Constituentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Soil Contamination in Areas Impacted by Military Activities: A Critical Review

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At the end of 1, 3 and 7 days of incubation, TNT was determined by spectrophotometric analysis. For spectrophotometric analysis of TNT, after obtaining of supernatant of the culture mediums, 1 mL of 1 M KOH was added and mixed to 5 mL of the supernatant, the amount of TNT in the solution was found out by measuring absorbance at 447 nm after 5 min from the addition of KOH solution to the supernatant [13,14]. The growth of bacteria during TNT degradation was monitored by optical density measurement at a wavelength of 600 nm.…”

Section: Selecting Of High Tnt Degrading Bacteria and Identification mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) with Bacteria Isolated from TNT-polluted Waste Pink Water

Gök

İnal

Yi̇ği̇toğlu

2019

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, bacterial strains that can use TNT as a nitrogen source isolated from TNT contaminated pink water. We isolated 5 bacterial strains and the isolated bacteria were cultured in medium containing TNT and TNT degradation capacities of isolates were determined by spectrophotometric analysis. According to the results of the analysis that have done, 3 bacterial isolates that have high TNT degradation capacity were selected and the isolates were identified with firstly Gram-staining then with 16S rRNA sequence analysis method. According to the sequence of 16S rRNA, water isolates were identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (SU K2), Klebsiella pneumoniae (SU K3), Raoultella planticola (SU K4). During the TNT degradation studies, at the end of 24 h incubation time, in the medium containing 100 mg/L TNT, TNT degradation rate for SU K2, SU K3 and SU K4 were determined 70 %, 96 % and 93 % respectively. 4-aminodinitrotoluene and 2-aminodinitrotoluene accumulations were detected in the culture medium of all isolates as intermediate products formed during the degradation of TNT by HPLC analysis. Additionally, nitrite accumulation was detected in the culture medium of all isolates and the influence of temperature and pH on the degradation of TNT was also investigated. It was determined that SU K2 isolates have the highest TNT degradation capacity at 35 °C, the others have at 30 °C and all isolates degraded TNT fastest at pH 7. The results of the study show that the new isolates can be useful for the removal of TNT in a wastewater treatment system.

show abstract

Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals: Reaction Mechanisms and Selected Efficient Technologies of Heavy Metal Contamination

Shehu,

Gumi,

Ismail

2023

Heavy Metal Toxicity: Environmental Concerns, Remediation and Opportunities

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evaluation of remediation processes for explosive‐contaminated soils: kinetics and Microtox^® bioassay

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Soil Contamination in Areas Impacted by Military Activities: A Critical Review

Soil Contamination in Areas Impacted by Military Activities: A Critical Review

Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) with Bacteria Isolated from TNT-polluted Waste Pink Water

Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals: Reaction Mechanisms and Selected Efficient Technologies of Heavy Metal Contamination

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Evaluation of remediation processes for explosive‐contaminated soils: kinetics and Microtox® bioassay

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Soil Contamination in Areas Impacted by Military Activities: A Critical Review

Soil Contamination in Areas Impacted by Military Activities: A Critical Review

Biodegradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) with Bacteria Isolated from TNT-polluted Waste Pink Water

Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals: Reaction Mechanisms and Selected Efficient Technologies of Heavy Metal Contamination

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Evaluation of remediation processes for explosive‐contaminated soils: kinetics and Microtox^® bioassay