Evaluation of Reliability, Validity, and Preference for a Pain Intensity Scale for Use With the Elderly

Miró, Jordi; Huguet, Anna; Nieto, Rubén; Paredes, Saida; Baos, Judith

doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2005.06.005

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Interviewers used a pain thermometer picture to assist their explanation and participants were asked to provide a number between 0 and 10. This approach to assessing older adults' pain intensity has proved to be valid and reliable (Miró et al, 2005a). Participants were asked to report on the intensity of the present pain, the worst pain episode and the average pain episode during the previous 3 months.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One explanation for this is that good community‐based epidemiological studies are often said to be difficult to do. In fact, many approaches for estimating the prevalence of pain in older adults have had limitations, such as the use of non‐specific measurement instruments (Elliott et al, 1999; Miró et al, 2005a; Von Korff, 1999). Several studies have been based on institutionalised patients (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pain in older adults: A prevalence study in the Mediterranean region of Catalonia

Miró

Paredes

Rull

et al. 2007

European Journal of Pain

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121

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Although information is available about the prevalence of pain in older adults in Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian countries, very little is known about older adults in other parts of the world. This study reports the prevalence of pain in a randomly selected sample of older adults living in the Mediterranean region of Catalonia. Besides studying the existence of pain at the time of interview, the authors investigated several characteristics of the participants' pain experience: pain onset, number and location of pain sites, intensity of pain, number of days in pain, severity of pain, the extent to which pain interfered with daily life, and expressed needs in relation to pain. A cross-sectional survey was conducted of adults aged 65 years and over living in Catalonia. A total of 592 individuals participated in the study, and data was collected through personal interviews with participants. The prevalence of any pain was 73.5%, and similar across age groups but higher in females than in males. Among individuals suffering from pain, 94.2 were experiencing chronic pain (i.e., pain of three months' duration or more). The mean number of painful areas (out of 10) was 4.48. No clear pattern of the prevalence of regional pain was observed, although joints were the most frequently reported painful place. Pain interfered in the life of a considerable number of participants (35.5%), but no differences in the level of expressed needs was detected between those that were affected and those that were not. This study provides new evidence that pain is an important problem for the older adult, one that severely impacts on their health status, causing disability and reduced ability to function, particularly in older women.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain in older adults: A prevalence study in the Mediterranean region of Catalonia

Miró

Paredes

Rull

et al. 2007

European Journal of Pain

Self Cite

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The mean age of the participants was 76 years. Incidentally, recent surveys suggest inconsistency in the VAS for pain scales among the elderly (14,15), and several studies (16,17) support the usefulness of Faces Pain Scales for people over 65 years. These results therefore indicate that IMS reduced pain more effectively than TPI.…”

Section: Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intramuscular and nerve root stimulation vs lidocaine injection to trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome

Ga¹,

Koh²,

Choi³

et al. 2007

Acta Derm Venereol

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Objectives: To compare the efficacies of an intramuscular stimulation technique and 0.5% lidocaine injection to trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome. Participants: Forty-three people with myofascial pain syndrome of the upper trapezius muscle. Interventions: Twenty-two subjects were treated with intramuscular stimulation and another 21 with 0.5% lidocaine injection at all the trigger points on days 0, 7 and 14. Results: Intramuscular stimulation resulted in a significant reduction in Wong-Baker FACES pain scale scores at all visits and was more effective than trigger point injection. Intramuscular stimulation also resulted in significant improvement on the Geriatric Depression Scale -Short Form. Local twitch responses occurred in 97.7% (42/43) of patients. All the passive cervical ranges of motion were significantly increased. Post-treatment soreness was noted in 54.6% of patients in the intramuscular stimulation group and 38.1% in the trigger point injection group, respectively, and gross subcutaneous haemorrhage (> 4 cm 2 ) was seen in only one patient in the trigger point injection group. Conclusion: In managing myofascial pain syndrome, after one month intramuscular stimulation resulted in more significant improvements in pain intensity, cervical range of motion and depression scales than did 0.5% lidocaine injection of trigger points. Intramuscular stimulation is therefore recommended for myofascial pain syndrome.

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“…and has also been used in adults 40. Another version of the FACES scale,41 later revised and validated to the current format42 and considered analogous to the Wong-Baker FACES scale,43 was validated for use in older adults 44,45…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Evaluation of a Skin Protectant for the Management of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis

Brennan

Milne

Agrell-Kann

et al. 2017

Journal of Wound, Ostomy &Amp; Continence Nursing

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PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an investigational skin protectant product at managing severe skin breakdown associated with incontinence.DESIGN:Open-label, nonrandomized, prospective study.SUBJECTS AND SETTING:The sample comprised 16 patients; inclusion criteria were: patients older than 18 years, cared for in the intensive care unit of a level I trauma center hospital or in long-term care facilities in the northeast region of the United States, and had incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD). Twelve of the patients had epidermal skin loss and 4 had severe redness.METHODS:The investigational product is a formulation based on acrylate chemistry. The skin protectant application schedule was twice weekly for up to 3 weeks for a maximum of 6 applications during the study period. The skin was evaluated via a skin assessment instrument specifically designed for use in this study; this instrument has not undergone validation studies. The main outcome measure was changes in the instrument score over time. In addition, complete reepithelialization was recorded when observed, and pain scores (associated with IAD) were noted in participants who were able to report pain.RESULTS:The IAD score improved in 13 of 16 patients, remained unchanged in 1 patient, and deteriorated in 2 patients. The median percent improvement in the skin assessment instrument was 96% (P = .013). Four of the patients with epidermal skin loss had complete reepithelialization of the skin surface with 4 to 6 applications of the skin protectant, and 5 had substantial improvement. The 4 patients with severe red skin returned to healthy normal skin with 2 to 4 skin protectant applications. Substantial pain reduction was reported by all 9 patients who reported pain at enrollment. No adverse events associated with the skin protectant application were reported during data collection.CONCLUSION:Results of this study suggest that an acrylate-based product, evaluated here for the first time in patients, may be effective as a protective barrier in the presence of continued incontinence. Additional research is needed to confirm these findings.

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Evaluation of Reliability, Validity, and Preference for a Pain Intensity Scale for Use With the Elderly

Cited by 50 publications

References 27 publications

Pain in older adults: A prevalence study in the Mediterranean region of Catalonia

Pain in older adults: A prevalence study in the Mediterranean region of Catalonia

Intramuscular and nerve root stimulation vs lidocaine injection to trigger points in myofascial pain syndrome

Clinical Evaluation of a Skin Protectant for the Management of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis

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