Evaluation of Rational Drug Use for Acute Pharyngitis Associated with the Incidence and Prevalence of the Disease at Two Community Health Centers in Indonesia

Yuniar, Cindra Tri; Anggadiredja, Kusnandar; Islamiyah, Alfi Nurul

doi:10.20944/preprints201612.0149.v1

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Hrvatska studija, sprovedena na područiju grada Splita tokom 2015. godine, pokazala je slične rezultate kao i naša studija vezano za primjenu antibiotske terapije u respiratornim oboljenima [25]. Podaci iz evro-atlantskih studija su različiti, te su se u zavisnosti od oboljenja udjeli antibiotika u terapiji ARI kretali od oko 35% do 80% [17, 20 -22].…”

Section: Tabela 6 Antibiotska Terapija Prema Dijagnozi Akutne Respirunclassified

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Upotreba antibiotika u odnosu na preporuke za liječenje akutnih respiratornih infekcija u porodičnoj medicini

Marković¹,

Stanetić²,

Petrović³

et al. 2019

rsp

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Akutne respiratorne infekcije (ARI) su jedan od najčešćih razloga za posjetu porodičnom ljekaru. Iako su virusi odgovorni za većinu ARI, upotreba antibiotika u ovim oboljenjima često je visoka. U Republici Srpskoj, porodičnim ljekarima su na raspolaganju vodiči za najčešće akutne respiratorne infekcije djece i odraslih. Cilj:Procjena učestalosti propisivanja antibiotika kod ARI u porodičnoj medicini Doma zdravlja Banja Luka i usklađenost propisane antibiotske terapije sa vodičima za ARI.

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Section: Tabela 6 Antibiotska Terapija Prema Dijagnozi Akutne Respirunclassified

“…Smatra se da su virusi u 40 do 60% slučajeva uzročnici svih akutnih faringitisa, a bakterije u 5 do 40% slučajeva [25]. Veliki broj antimikrobnih lijekova djelotvoran je protiv grupe A streptokoka, npr.…”

Section: Tabela 6 Antibiotska Terapija Prema Dijagnozi Akutne Respirunclassified

Upotreba antibiotika u odnosu na preporuke za liječenje akutnih respiratornih infekcija u porodičnoj medicini

Marković¹,

Stanetić²,

Petrović³

et al. 2019

rsp

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“…One of the diseases is pharyngitis. 5% -40% of the causes of pharyngitis are bacteria, one of the bacteria that often causes pharyngitis is Streptococcus pyogenes (1,2). caused by bacteria can cause complications if not treated properly, such as rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Test of Squeezed Water of Katuk Leaf on Streptococcus Pyogenes

Novitayanti¹,

Rahayu²,

Sindrawati³

2022

JWMJ

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Background: Many infectious diseases still can be found in developing countries, including Indonesia. The common type of infection is upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in which one of the diseases is pharyngitis. About 5% - 40% of pharyngitis cases are caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. One of the treatments for bacterial infection is antibiotics, but the increasing number of antibiotic resistance causes the need to find other alternatives such as herbal plants for the treatment. The community of Bali, particularly in Singaraja, often consume the squeezed water of Katuk leaf (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr) to treat pharyngitis. Objectives: This study aims to determine the antibacterial effect of squeezed water of Katuk leaf on Streptococcus pyogenes by measuring the value of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the value of the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Methods: The squeezed water of Katuk leaf was obtained through the squeezing method. The antibacterial activity test used the microdilution method of 96 well plates, then the absorbance value was read using a spectrophotometer to determine the MIC value, and streaking was performed to the blood agar strengthened by the results of the spectrophotometric readings to determine the value of MBC. Results: The results showed that the 300 grams of squeezed water of Katuk leaf had MIC values at a concentration of 10% and MBC values at a concentration of 20%. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the squeezed water of Katuk leaf has an antibacterial effect on Streptococcus pyogenes.

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“…The prevalence of acute pharyngitis is most common in children in the 5-15 year age range compared to adults. 1 Acute pharyngitis / tonsillitis is an infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the posterior pharynx and tonsils. The main symptoms most often complained of by patients are sore throat and fever.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it should be noted that acute pharyngitis might be caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, a bacterium that belongs to group A beta-haemolytic streptococcus, most commonly found in patients suffering from acute pharyngitis due to bacteria. 1 This is because S. pyogenes has important clinical significance because it can cause systemic complications after infection including acute rheumatic fever and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, which usually occurs 1-3 weeks after infection in the pharynx. 2 Referring to guidelines from the US and UK, if acute pharyngitis caused by S. pyogenes, antibiotic management is needed to reduce the possibility of risk of complications, duration of symptoms, and spread of the disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy of Centor scoring system in diagnosing group a-beta haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infection

Poerbonegoro

Hanrahan

Amelia

et al. 2022

Oto Rhino Laryn Indones

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Background: At present, the standard examination for diagnosing streptococcal upper respiratory tract infection is throat culture. As throat culture is time-consuming and relatively expensive, efforts are made to develop certain criteria that will still lead to proper diagnosis and rational use of antibiotics, that is Centor score. Even so, the accuracy of Centor score is still debatable. Purpose: To provide evidence on the accuracy of Centor scoring system compared to throat culture in diagnosing GABHS upper respiratory tract infection. Case Report: A 25-years old male came to primary health care with primary complain of sore throat. Centor score was used to diagnose GABHS infection and as a guide to give antibiotics. Clinical question: “In patients with sore throat, how accurate is the Centor score compared to throat culture in diagnosing Group A Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcal (GABHS) Infection?” Methods: Literature searching was conducted through 4 databases. Critical appraisal based on the Centre of Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM)-University of Oxford University, Diagnostic Critical Appraisal Sheet and Systematic Review Sheet. Results: All the selected studies were considered valid. They revealed a high specificity, low sensitivity, high negative predictive value (NPV), and low positive predictive value (PPV) in the importance aspect assessment. The Centor scoring system was applicable to our patient. It was available, affordable, and accurate in adult patients, yet less accurate in children. Conclusion: In conclusion,Patient with sore throat and suspicion of GABHS infection could be diagnosed with Centor scoring system as the first line diagnosis in primary care and as a guide to whether to give giving antibiotics or not.ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Saat ini, kultur tenggorok merupakan pemeriksaan baku emas yang digunakan untukmendiagnosis infeksi saluran napas atas yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus. Namun, kulturtenggorok merupakan pemeriksaan yang mahal dan hasilnya memakan waktu yang lama, sehinggaberbagai kriteria dikeluarkan untuk dapat dipakai sebagai alat diagnostik dan sebagai panduanpenggunaan antibiotik yang rasional pada kasus infeksi saluran napas atas. Salah satunya yaitu Centorscore, tetapi akurasinya masih kontroversial. Tujuan: Menyediakan laporan kasus berbasis buktiterhadap akurasi dari Centor score sebagai alat diagnostik infeksi saluran napas atas yang disebabkanoleh bakteri Streptococcus dibandingkan dengan pemeriksaan kultur tenggorok. Laporan kasus: Seorang laki-laki berusia 25 tahun datang ke fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama dengan keluhan utama nyeri tenggorokan. Centor score digunakan untuk mendiagnosis pasien ini dan sebagai panduan pemberian antibiotik. Pertanyaan klinis: Pada pasien dengan radang tenggorok,seberapa akurat Centor score dibandingkan dengan kultur tenggorok dalam diagnosis GABHS? Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui 4 database dan telaah kritis literatur menggunakan tilikan dari CEBM, University of Oxford University. Hasil: Seluruh studi yang ditelaah valid. Seluruh studi menunjukkan spesifisitas dan negative predictive value (NPV) yang tinggi, serta sensitivitas dan positive predictive value (PPV) yang rendah. Centor score dapat diaplikasikan untuk pasien pada skenario klinis karena bersifat mudah digunakan, biaya yang dikeluarkan terjangkau, dan akurat khususnya pada pasien dewasa. Kesimpulan: Pasien dengan nyeri tenggorok yang dicurigai memiliki infeksi saluran napas atas yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Streptococcus dapat ditegakkan diagnosisnya melalui penilaian Centor score di fasilitas layanan tingkat pertama, serta dapat menjadi panduan dalam pemberian antibiotik.

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Evaluation of Rational Drug Use for Acute Pharyngitis Associated with the Incidence and Prevalence of the Disease at Two Community Health Centers in Indonesia

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Upotreba antibiotika u odnosu na preporuke za liječenje akutnih respiratornih infekcija u porodičnoj medicini

Upotreba antibiotika u odnosu na preporuke za liječenje akutnih respiratornih infekcija u porodičnoj medicini

Antibacterial Test of Squeezed Water of Katuk Leaf on Streptococcus Pyogenes

Accuracy of Centor scoring system in diagnosing group a-beta haemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infection

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