Evaluation of Preemergence Herbicides in Vegetable Crops

Haar, Milton J.; Fennimore, Steven A.; McGiffen, Milton E.; Lanini, W. Thomas; Bell, Carl E.

doi:10.21273/horttech.12.1.95

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, nutsedge effi cacy is reduced when halosulfuron in applied to the soil surface relative to topical applications to foliage. Several crops have been shown to be tolerant of surface applications of halosulfuron, including bell pepper, cantaloupe, cucumber, squash, and tomato (Culpepper, 2002;Haar et al, 2002;Johnson and Mullinix, 2005;Stall, 1999;Webster et al, 2003). Of these, only cantaloupe, cucumber, and tomato have acceptable tolerance (and registration) to topical applications of halosulfuron.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike similar vegetable cropping systems (e.g., tomato, cucumber, and cantaloupe), acceptable long-term alternatives to methyl bromide for nutsedge management in eggplant have not been identifi ed. Halosulfuron (Trade name Sandea, Gowan Co., Yuma, Ariz.) has been identifi ed as a potential herbicide for use in several cucurbit crops (Batts et al, 2001;Brown and Masiunas, 2002;Haar et al, 2002;Johnson and Mullinix, 2002;Webster and Culpepper, 2005;Webster et al, 2003) and solaneceous crops (Buker et al, 2004;Grichar et al, 2003;Haar et al, 2002). Halosulfuron controls purple and yellow nutsedge (Blum et al, 2000;Derr et al, 1996;Vencill et al, 1995), impedes tuber production (Lowe et al, 2000;Nelson and Renner, 2002;Warren and Coble, 1999), reduces tuber viability (Molin et al, 1999), prevents shoot regrowth and reduces nutsedge competitiveness .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Eggplant Tolerance to Halosulfuron Applied through Drip Irrigation

Webster¹,

Culpepper²

2005

HortSci

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Halosulfuron is an alternative to methyl bromide for managing nutsedges (Cyperus spp.) in several vegetable crops. Field studies were conducted to evaluate eggplant growth and yield when halosulfuron was applied through drip-irrigation before transplant at four rates (0, 26, 39, or 52 g·ha–1 a.i.) or following transplant (26 g·ha–1 applied 1, 2, or 3 weeks after transplant) in spring and fall crops in 2002 and 2003. Inverse linear relationships were observed between rate of halosulfuron and eggplant growth and rate of halosulfuron and eggplant yield. Halosulfuron at 52 g·ha–1 reduced eggplant growth (crop height and canopy width) 19% to 22%. Eggplant fruit biomass at the first harvest was reduced 37% to 63% by halosulfuron applied before transplant. Eggplant was capable of recovering from the initial injury and there was no effect of halosulfuron rate on fruit biomass at the final harvest. Total season fruit biomass was reduced ≤4% from halosulfuron at 39 g·ha–1, while halosulfuron at 52 g·ha–1 reduced fruit biomass 33%. Delay in application of halosulfuron to 3 weeks after transplant (WAT) resulted in ≤7% reduction in fruit biomass and number for the entire season. When halosulfuron was applied 1 WAT, fruit biomass at the first two harvests was reduced >33%, however total season harvest from this treatment was >99% of the yield from the nontreated control. This preliminary study indicates that halosulfuron injected through drip tape may have the potential to assist in the replacement of methyl bromide for nutsedge management in eggplant. However, there are many issues that must be addressed and studied before adopting this practice in eggplant.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Eggplant Tolerance to Halosulfuron Applied through Drip Irrigation

Webster¹,

Culpepper²

2005

HortSci

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“…Injury from halosulfuron carryover to rotational crops has occurred as a result of its variable soil behavior (Grey et al, 2007b). Although halosulfuron has been extensively evaluated in annual crops for tolerance and carryover (Dittmar et al, 2008;Haar et al, 2002;Jennings, 2010;Sikkema et al, 2008;Webster et al, 2003), little information about pecan tree tolerance has been reported.…”

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confidence: 99%

Response of Young Pecan Trees to Repeated Applications of Indaziflam and Halosulfuron

Grey¹,

Rucker²,

Wells³

et al. 2018

horts

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Pecan production in the southeastern United States has increased because of the worldwide demand for the nuts of this tree. Information about the effects of the residual herbicides indaziflam and halosulfuron on newly planted pecan trees was evaluated over time for 4 years on sandy loam soils. After winter pecan tree planting, multiple spring or autumn herbicide applications were applied to the same pecan trees in different experiments in consecutive years. Visual injury, height, and caliper diameter measurements were taken up to six times during the growing season. Regression analysis of treatments over time indicated no differences in pecan tree growth for indaziflam at 73 or 146 g a.i./ha or halosulfuron at 35 g a.i./ha applied up to six times in 3 years, or for indaziflam at 37, 73, or 146 g a.i./ha applied up to five times in 3 years, as compared with nontreated controls. This information will benefit growers seeking viable weed control options when establishing new groves to meet the increased worldwide demand for pecan nuts.

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“…The impending elimination of methyl bromide will soon leave vegetable growers without a valuable tool for pest management, with limited options for suppression of nutsedge growth (Harrison and Fery, 1998). Halosulfuron (Sandea; Gowan Company, Yuma, Ariz.) has been identified as a potential herbicide for use in several cucurbit crops (Batts et al, 2001;Brown and Masiunas, 2002;Haar et al, 2002;Johnson and Mullinix, 2002). Halosulfuron, applied in a number of crops controlled yellow and purple nutsedge (Blum et al, 2000;Derr et al, 1996;Vencill et al, 1995), impeded tuber production (Lowe et al, 2000;Nelson and Renner, 2002;Warren and Coble, 1999), and reduced tuber viability (Molin et al, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Halosulfuron Has a Variable Effect on Cucurbit Growth and Yield

Webster¹,

Culpepper²

2005

HortSci

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Halosulfuron is a proposed alternative to methyl bromide for managing nutsedges (Cyperus spp.) in several vegetable crops, including cucurbits. Field studies were conducted to evaluate the crop sensitivity to halosulfuron in a spring squash (Cucurbita pepo L.)—fall cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) rotation from 2000 to 2002. Treatments included application of halosulfuron to the soil surface after forming the bed, but before laying mulch (halosulfuron-PRE), halosulfuron applied through drip irrigation (halosulfuron-DRIP) after forming bed and laying mulch, metham applied through drip irrigation after forming bed and laying mulch, a nontreated control with mulch, and nontreated control without mulch. Each treatment was applied to both direct seeded and transplanted zucchini squash. Halosulfuron treatments reduced squash plant diameter relative to metham, however plant diameters in halosulfuron-PRE (transplant and direct seed) and halosulfuron-DRIP (transplant) treatments were not different from the nontreated control. Halosulfuron-PRE delayed squash fruit production relative to the mulched nontreated control. However, application of halosulfuron-PRE and halosulfuron-DRIP did not reduce squash yield at the conclusion of the season, relative to the nontreated control. Cucumbers were transplanted and direct seeded into previous squash plots and received either an application of halosulfuron-DRIP, or were not treated. Differences in cucumber yields were not detected with second crop treatments. Cucumbers appear to have adequate tolerance to halosulfuron, making it a potential replacement for methyl bromide for nutsedge control. Suppression of early season squash growth by halosulfuron may hinder the adoption of halosulfuron as a methyl bromide alternative for squash.

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Evaluation of Preemergence Herbicides in Vegetable Crops

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Eggplant Tolerance to Halosulfuron Applied through Drip Irrigation

Eggplant Tolerance to Halosulfuron Applied through Drip Irrigation

Response of Young Pecan Trees to Repeated Applications of Indaziflam and Halosulfuron

Halosulfuron Has a Variable Effect on Cucurbit Growth and Yield

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