Evaluation of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Dillenia indica Linn. Leaves

Evaluation of Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Polyalthia simiarum (Hook. F. &Thomson)

“…In addition, it was suggested that non narcotic analgesics produce their action by interfering with the local reaction to peritoneal irritation thereby reducing the intensity of afferent nervous stimulation in the acetic acid induced writhing test, a model of visceral pain 31 . Therefore, it is likely that EA and PE might have exerted its peripheral antinociceptive action by interfering with the local reaction caused by the irritant or by inhibiting the synthesis, release and/or antagonizing the action of pain mediators at the target sites and this response in agreement with the previous studies of D. indica, leaves 32 Carrageenan induced oedema has been commonly used as an experimental animal model for acute inflammation and is believed to be biphasic. The early phase (1 to 2 h) of the carrageenan model is mainly mediated by histamine, serotonin and increased synthesis of prostaglandins in the damaged tissue surroundings.…”

Microscopic evaluation and physiochemical analysis of Dillenia indica leaf

“…Four compounds namely, lupeol, betulinaldehyde, betulinic acid and stigmasterol can be isolated from the stem extract of the plant [8] . The crude methanol extract of the roots shows analgesic, antidiarrhoeal activities and reduced GI motility in animal models [9] . For standardization and quality assurance purposes, the following three attributes must be verified: authenticity, purity and assay [10] .…”

Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheal activities of ethanolic leaf extract of Typhonium trilobatum L. Schott

“…Acetic acid causes pain and localized inflammation by the action of prostaglandins production [mainly, prostacyclines and prostaglandin-E (PG-E)] which have been reported to stimulate the A毮-fibres that cause a sensation of sharp well localized pain [20,21] . It has also been reported that acetic acid induces the increased level of PGE2 and PGF2毩 in the peritoneal fluid which is responsible for pain production [22][23][24][25][26][27] . There are various peripherally acting analgesic drugs such as ibuprofen, aspirin, diclofenac sodium and indomethacin that have been reported to inhibit acid induced writhing by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis [28] .…”

“…Swiss-albino mice (both sexes) weighing between (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25) g) and Wistar rats of the either sex (180-200 g) were used for the present study collected from International Center for Diarrheal Diseases and Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B), Dhaka, Bangladesh. They were maintained under standard environmental conditions and were fed with standard diet from ICDDR, B and had free access to tap water.…”