Evaluation of Physical Properties of Clays Mixed with Silica Sand

Firoozi, Ali Akbar; Taha, Mohd Raihan; Firoozi, Ali Asghar; Khan, Tanveer Ahmed

doi:10.17576/jkukm-2014-26-11

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…FTIR spectrum of H 3 PW 12 O 40 /TEOS catalyst CATALYSTS CRYSTALLINITY BY XRD According to the XRD analysis, the presence of silica compound gave the amorphous state of the catalyst that is produced by sol-gel technique. From XRD pattern in Figure 3, a broader peak displayed at diffraction peak around 28° has represented the Si-O-Si bond as the major component in H 3 PW 12 O 40 /TEOS catalyst while the element of tungsten can be obtained at diffraction angle of 41° and 54° (Firoozi et al 2014). Since the intensity of silica is higher than tungsten in the spectrum, in can be concluded that the sample is mainly in amorphous state.…”

Section: Catalytic Tests Of Glucose Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Direct Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural over H3PW12O40/TEOS Heterogeneous Catalyst

Asyraf¹,

Anuar²,

Isahak³

2018

JKUKM

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5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a valuable bio-based intermediate designed from carbohydrate resources such as glucose (hexose) or fructose. In this work, direct conversion of glucose into 5-HMF was studied by analysing the activity of solid acid catalyst namely silica-supported phosphotungstic acid (H 3 PW 12 O 40 /TEOS) as a heterogeneous catalyst. The reactions were conducted in a three-neck conical flask using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as reaction solvent under different reaction time (1, 3 and 5 hours) and temperature (100, 115 and 130°C). The effect of phosphotungstic acid loading was also studied in this literature (5, 12.5 and 20% H 3 PW 12 O 40 ). Thus, this paper aims to study the optimum reaction time, temperature and H 3 PW 12 O 40 loading to give the maximum yield of 5-HMF via direct catalytic dehydration process. The prepared catalyst 20% H 3 PW 12 O 40 /TEOS shows promising results by displaying a yield of 5-HMF as high as 62% after 3 hours at 130°C reaction temperature in the presence of DMSO solvent. Since heteropoly acid is highly soluble in DMSO, thus H 3 PW 12 O 40 supported in TEOS (H 3 PW 12 O 40 /TEOS) is a promising solid catalyst for the conversion of glucose into 5-HMF. The prepared catalyst can also be recovered and recycled easily without significant loss of performance. ABSTRAK 5-Hidroksimetilfurfural (5-HMF) merupakan sumber-bio perantaraan yang terbentuk daripada karbohidrat seperti glukosa (heksosa) atau fruktosa. Dalam kajian ini, penukaran glukosa kepada 5-HMF dikaji melalui analisis aktiviti asid mangkin pepejal fosfotungstik asid berpenyokong ikatan silica berstruktur daripada TEOS (H 3 PW 12 O 40 /TEOS). Tindak balas dijalankan di dalam sebuah kelalang berkepala tiga dengan menggunakan dimetil sulfoksida (DMSO) sebagai pelarut mengikut kadar perubahan masa (1, 3 dan 5 jam) dan suhu (100, 115 dan 130°C). Kesan penambahan fosfotungstik asid juga telah dikaji (5, 12.5 dan 20% H 3 PW 12 O 40 /TEOS). Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengkaji masa dan suhu tindak balas serta beban yang optimum untuk memberikan hasil maksimum 5-HMF melalui proses dehidrasi bermangkin. Sampel mangkin 20% H 3 PW 12 O 40 menunjukkan keputusan yang memberangsangkan dengan 62% hasil 5-HMF, selepas 3 jam tindak balas pada 130°C dengan kehadiran DMSO. Oleh kerana asid heteropoli sangat terlarut di dalam larutan DMSO, H 3 PW 12 O 40 berpenyokong TEOS (H 3 PW 12 O 40 /TEOS) merupakan mangkin pepejal yang baik bagi penukaran glukosa kepada 5-HMF. Mangkin yang disediakan juga boleh dibaik pulih dan dikitar semula dengan mudah tanpa penurunan kadar tindak balas. Kata kunci: 5-HMF; mangkin asid pepejal; bahan penyokong silica; pengdehidratan terus; penukaran terpilih

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Section: Catalytic Tests Of Glucose Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Direct Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural over H3PW12O40/TEOS Heterogeneous Catalyst

Asyraf¹,

Anuar²,

Isahak³

2018

JKUKM

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“…Bricks for the pyramids were made from a mixture of lime and clay, and the Romans employed lime to improve the quality of concrete for constructions over 2,000 years ago, which explains the excellent condition of their roadways [8]. The earliest tests with soil stabilization were done in the United States in 1904 [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Microbial Technology to Soil Stabilization

Bahuguna¹

2022

MSEA

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Microbially exacerbate existing precipitation (MICP) is an emerging technique with great potential for enhancing soil quality. The study's overarching objective is to quantify MICP's contribution to black cotton soil's improved shear strength and reduced hydraulic conductivity. The findings of a laboratory study on the influence of microorganisms on the engineering properties of soil treated with MICP. The bacteria utilized in this study was called Bacillus megaterium. A mold was made with the same interior size as the vortex shear instrument, and soil samples were then tested using this setup. The presence of microbes in black cotton soil greatly improves its shear strength and decreases its hydraulic conductivity, as shown by vane shear and penetration tests.

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Dynamic deformation characteristics of frozen clay under pure principal stress rotation

2022

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Evaluation of Physical Properties of Clays Mixed with Silica Sand

Abstract: This study examined the effects of heat treatment on two types of clays mixed with silica sand under laboratory conditions. Soils were subjected to three varied temperatures, i.e. 100, 250

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Direct Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural over H3PW12O40/TEOS Heterogeneous Catalyst

Direct Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural over H3PW12O40/TEOS Heterogeneous Catalyst

The Use of Microbial Technology to Soil Stabilization

Dynamic deformation characteristics of frozen clay under pure principal stress rotation

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