Evaluation of photochemical grid models (UAM-IV, UAM-V, and the ROM/UAM-IV couple) using data from the lake michigan ozone study (LMOS)

Hanna, Steven R.; Moore, G.E.; Fernau, M.E.

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(96)00060-x

Cited by 56 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Emission Based Models -EBMs) have been used to determine whether a given airshed is VOC or NO x limited (Russell and Dennis, 2000, and papers cited therein). However, there are significant uncertainties in many aspects of EBMs (National Academy of Sciences (NAS), 1991; Oreske et al, 1994) including the emission inventories used to define the sources of O 3 precursors (Pierson et al, 1990;Geron et al, 1994;Simpson, 1995;Guenther et al, 2000;Tan et al, 2004), the meteorological fields (Hanna et al, 1996;Kumar and Russell, 1996) and parameterizations used to simulate boundary layer dynamics (Kuklin and Seinfeld, 1995;Hanna et al, 1996). Further uncertainties may arise in the case of grid-based or Eulerian models for the assumption that point source emissions are dispersed throughout a grid instantaneously (Sillman et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone production and hydrocarbon reactivity in Hong Kong, Southern China

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Data obtained in Hong Kong during the HongKong and the Pearl River Delta (PRD) Pilot Air Monitoring Study in autumn 2002 are analyzed to unravel the relationship between ground-level ozone (O 3 ), pollution precursors, and cross-border transport. Ten ozone episodes, during which the hourly O 3 concentration exceeded 100 ppbv in 9 cases and 90 ppbv in one case, are subject to detailed analysis, including one case with hourly O 3 of 203 ppbv, which is the highest concentration on record to date in Hong Kong. Combined with high-resolution back trajectories, dCO/dNO y (the ratio of enhancement of CO concentration above background to that of NO y ) is used to define whether O 3 is locally or regionally produced. Five out of the ten Hong Kong O 3 -episodes studied show a "pollution signature" that is indicative of impact from Guangdong Province. Examination of speciated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) shows that the reactivity of VOCs is dominated by anthropogenic VOCs, of which the reactive aromatics dominate, in particular xylenes and toluene. Calculations using a photochemical box model indicate that between 50-100% of the O 3 increase observed in Hong Kong during the O 3 episodes can be explained by photochemical generation within the Hong Kong area, provided that nitrous acid (HONO) is present at the concentrations derived from this study. An Observation-Based Model (OBM) is used to calculate the sensitivity of the O 3 production to changes in the concentrations of the precursor compounds. Generally the production of O 3 throughout much of the Hong Kong area is limited by VOCs, while high nitric oxide (NO) concentrations suppress O 3 concentration.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone production and hydrocarbon reactivity in Hong Kong, Southern China

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These surface air chemistry observations, combined with twice-daily National Weather Service (NWS) profiles of wind, temperature, and moisture collected at stations separated by several hundred kilometers still serve as the basic tools for local and regional-scale air-quality studies [e.g., Hanna et al, 1996;Sistla et al, 1996]. Although air-quality monitoring networks provide observations of the spatial and temporal variation of ozone and ozone precursors at the surface, they provide no information about chemistry above the ground.…”

Section: Introduction Quence Surface Measurements Are Generally Reprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation mechanisms and chemical characteristics of elevated photochemical layers over the northeast United States

Berkowitz¹,

Fast²,

Springston³

et al. 1998

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The chemical composition of layers of trace gas mixtures within the lower troposphere and their relationship to surface trace gas concentrations are investigated using airborne chemistry and meteorological measurements made over eastern Connecticut and central Massachusetts. Layers of photochemically aged matehal were identified by maxima above the surface stable layer in the profiles of 03, NOy, CO, aerosols, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), and the ratio of highly to lesser reactive hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene and toluene). Observations suggest that strong diurnal variations in surface-ozone mixing ratios are associated with elevated layers of ozone and other trace gases. The elevated layers were also associated with strong gradients of NOx both vertically, across the mixed layer, and horizontally, between urban and rural regions, providing evidence for the dominant role of localized anthropogenic NOx emissions over North America on ozone production in urban regions. On days when elevated layers were detected, isoprene's late-morning propeneequivalent mixing ratio (a measure of nonmethane hydrocarbon reactivity with OH) was an order of magnitude greater than that of the next most reactive species up to an altitude of 650 rn mean sea level. Four-dimensional data assimilation was used within a mesoscale model to study the formation mechanism and history of these layers, with a key result being that no unique "age" or source region could generally be attributed to these layers as a consequence of turbulent mixing and transport leading to their formation.

show abstract

“…In addition, OAD pollution control strategies are only effective if they are applied at upwind source locations (typically lower in 0 3 ) and downwind receptor locations. Metropolitan-wide peak 0 3 forecasts may be effective for public outreach programs but are not particularly appropriate for the evaluation of a numerical forecast model (Hanna et al 1996;Tesche et al 1990). Thus, using this measure poses a fairly stiff test.…”

Section: Phlmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Real-Time Eulerian Photochemical Model Forecast System: Overview and Initial Ozone Forecast Performance in the Northeast U.S. Corridor

McHenry¹,

Ryan

Seaman

et al. 2004

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article reports on the first implementation of a real-time Eulerian photochemical model f o recast system in the United States. The forecast system consists of a tripartite set of one-way coupled models that run routinely on a parallel micro process or supercomputer. The component models are the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University (PSU)–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5), the Sparse-Matrix Operator Kernel for Emissions (SMOKE) model, and the Multiscale Air Quality Simulation Platform—Real Time (MAQSIPRT) photochemical model. Though the system has been run in real time since the summer of 1998, forecast results obtained during August of 2001 at 15-km grid spacing over New England and the northern mid-Atlantic—conducted as part of an “early start” NOAA air quality forecasting initiative—are described in this article.The development and deployment of a real-time numerical air quality prediction (NAQP) system is technically challenging. MAQSIP-RT contains a full photochemical oxidant gas-phase chemical mechanism together with transport, dry deposition, and sophisticated cloud treatment. To enable the NAQP system to run fast enough to meet operational forecast deadlines, significant work was devoted to data flow design and software engineering of the models and control codes. The result is a turnkey system now in use by a number of agencies concerned with operational ozone forecasting.Results of the chosen episode are compared against three other models/modeling techniques: a traditional statistical model used routinely in the metropolitan Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, area, a set of publicly issued forecasts in the northeastern United States, and the operational Canadian Hemispheric and Regional Ozone and NOx System (CHRONOS) model. For the test period it is shown that the NAQP system performs as well or better than all of these operational approaches. Implications for the impending development of an operational U.S. ozone forecasting capability are discussed in light of these results.

show abstract

Evaluation of photochemical grid models (UAM-IV, UAM-V, and the ROM/UAM-IV couple) using data from the lake michigan ozone study (LMOS)

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

Ozone production and hydrocarbon reactivity in Hong Kong, Southern China

Ozone production and hydrocarbon reactivity in Hong Kong, Southern China

Formation mechanisms and chemical characteristics of elevated photochemical layers over the northeast United States

A Real-Time Eulerian Photochemical Model Forecast System: Overview and Initial Ozone Forecast Performance in the Northeast U.S. Corridor

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About