Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Diabetic and Hypertensive Women during Labor

Abstract

<jats:p>Pregnancy in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a greater incidence of fetal abnormality. Animal studies suggested that increased free-radical production and antioxidant depletion may contribute to this risk. The objective of this work was to evaluate oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in hypertensive, diabetics, and healthy control women during labor. Simultaneous determination of antioxidant enzymes activities, namely glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-red), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant, and lipid peroxides measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) levels, were carried out in maternal plasma during labor. Plasma GSH-Px activity was found to be significantly increased as it doubled in hypertensive, and diabetic women when compared with healthy control women (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>). In contrast, plasma SOD activity was significantly decreased in both groups when compared to the control group (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>). No significant differences were detected in GSH-Red activity between diabetic, hypertensive and control groups. Alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities were accompanied by a significant increase in the levels of plasma lipid peroxides in hypertensive and diabetic women during labor. Plasma levels of total antioxidants were significantly increased in diabetic women as compared with the control group. Based on our results, it may be concluded that enhanced generation of oxidative stress causes alteration of antioxidant capacity in diabetic and hypertensive women during labor. Alterations in antioxidant and prooxidant components may result in various complications including peroxidation of vital body molecules which may be regarded as an increased risk factor for pregnant women as well as the fetus.</jats:p>

Effects of lifestyle factors on urinary oxidative stress and serum antioxidant markers in pregnant Japanese women: A cohort study

“…4) Number of exercises performed by those who routinely exercise. 5) Real number in a pregnant woman who have exercise habits. 6) GHQ: General Health Questionnaire.…”

“…Various complications of pregnancy, such as preeclampsia (PE), pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), are associated with oxidative stress (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Thus, clinical and experimental evidence indicates that oxidative stress is important in the aetiology of PE, PIH, and GDM.…”

Circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia and efficacy of antioxidant supplementation

“…Such a condition may be responsible for raised oxidative stress in pregnancy. 1 disrupted towards an overabundance of free radical species, oxidative stress (OS) occurs. There is growing literature on the effects of oxidative stress in female reproduction with involvement in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, hydatidiform mole, free radical induced birth defects and other situation such as abortions and preterm labour.…”

The Relation Of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers With Proinflammatory Cytokines In Gestational Diabetes

“…Synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is increased owing to the mitochondria-rich placenta and increased amount of transitional metal ions such as iron. Consequently, the prooxidant-antioxidant balance is relatively disturbed, and total oxidant levels are increased inthe circulation [16,17]. Bukhari et al have observed an elevation in serum total oxidant status (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and homocysteine levels, and decreased antioxidant molecules during pregnancy [18].…”