Evaluation of ocular manifestations and blindness in HIV/AIDS patients on HAART in a tertiary care hospital in western India

Shah, Sanket U.; Kerkar, Sheela; Pazare, Amar R

doi:10.1136/bjo.2008.149237

Cited by 47 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We had mostly younger aged male being infected with HIV than their female counterpart which was also similar to other studies done in this subcontinent and elsewhere (Gharai et al, 2008;Shah et al, 2009;Lamichhane et al, 2010;Ayena et al, 2010;Azonobiet al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Eye changes among HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in Nepal

2016

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Background: HIV/AIDS has various ocular manifestations. Objective: To find out eye findings among HIV positive patients in the era of antiretroviral therapy. Method This Hospital based cross sectional descriptive study was carried at B. P. Koirala Lions Centre for Ophthalmic Studies. Patient profile, WHO clinical stage, CD4+ cell count, duration of HIV, antiretroviral therapy, and systemic diseases were recorded. All the cases underwent ocular examination as per the study protocol and the findings were noted in a proforma developed for the study. The results were analysed with SPSS 14.0. Results: Of 100 HIV positive cases (including 55 antiretroviral therapy patients) 62% patients were male and 38% were female. The mean age of presentation was 27.72 years. Heterosexual transmission (62%) was the commonest mode of transmission of HIV. Thirty seven percent patients were illiterate. Systemic disease was present in 20% cases. Ocular complaint was present in 53% patients. Ocular disease was present in 40% HIV positive patients. Almost 55% of these cases were on antiretroviral therapy. Moderate to lower CD4 count patient had frequent eye disease. Patients in WHO Stage III and IV also had frequent eye problems. Anterior segment and external ocular disorder was present in 25% patients. The commonest manifestation was conjunctivitis in10% of total cases. Posterior segment manifestation was present in 11%, neuro-ophthalmic lesion in 4% and orbital lesion in 1% patient. Conclusion: Anterior segment manifestation is still common ocular manifestations in HIV positive patients in Nepal. Patients in WHO Stage III and IV are more vulnerable for eye changes. Young aged male and migrant workers are at risk of acquiring HIV in developing country like Nepal. Eye findings even in patientson antiretroviral therapy are similar. However, large sample size and long follow up study is required to have final disclosure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Higher prevalence of ocular manifestations among the ART patients in WHO Stage III and IV has also been reported (Shah et al, 2009). …”

Section: Labh Rk Et Al Eye Changes Among Hiv Positive Patientsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Eye changes among HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in Nepal

2016

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“…Ocular lesions occur in 40-70% of the AIDS patients, according to various studies [3,5,[7][8][9]. Due to the increased numbers of ART centres, frequent monitoring of the CD4 counts and early initiation of ART, the incidence of ocular findings has decreased considerably.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, the number of HIV patients has greatly increased. The estimated prevalence of HIV related eye diseases in India is reported to be between 8-45 % [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Manifestations in Patients with HIV Infection/AIDS who were Referred from the ART Centre, Hassan, Karnataka, India

Acharya¹

2012

JCDR

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Background: Ocular involvement in HIV infection/AIDS is very common and it includes various clinical presentations which may be asymptomatic or atypical or they may be the initial manifestations of the underlying disease. The severity of these lesions increases as the immune competency decreases, leading to visual impairment or blindness.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and the types of HIV associated ocular conditions and their effect on the vision in patients with HIV/AIDS. Methods:This cross sectional study was based on the patients with HIV infection/AIDS, who were referred to the Ophthalmic OPD, District hospital, Hassan. These patients were referred from the District ART Centre for a complete ophthalmic evaluation, irrespective of their immune status and the presence or absence of symptoms. All the patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, which included both anterior and posterior segment evaluation and colour vision assessment.Results: Out of the 553 patients, 66% belonged to the age group of 21-40 years. 87% of the patients had a BCVA of >6/18, whereas 4.7% had very poor vision. 37.6% of the patients had ocular manifestations. Anterior segment, posterior segment and neuro-ophthalmic manifestations were seen in 7%, 9.94% and 5.79% of the patients respectively. The most common anterior segment manifestation was recurrent lid infections, while HIV microangiopathy was the most common posterior segment manifestation. The other unusual findings included an abnormal colour vision in 6.3% of the patients and bilateral lid retraction in 8.5% of the patients.

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“…10 The prevalence of ocular manifestations in these cases was only nine out of 112 (8%). The ocular manifestations included HIV retinopathy (5%), IRU (3%), immune recovery vitreitis (3%), and CMV retinitis (2%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular manifestations in 321 male consecutive cases of human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at an HIV-referral centre

Ambiya¹,

Sagar

Patyal

et al. 2012

Medical Journal Armed Forces India

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Evaluation of ocular manifestations and blindness in HIV/AIDS patients on HAART in a tertiary care hospital in western India

Abstract: HAART may be the cause for decline in the prevalence of ocular diseases and visual impairment in HIV/AIDS patients. CD4 count and WHO clinical stage may help predict their occurrence.

Cited by 47 publications

References 8 publications

Eye changes among HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in Nepal

Eye changes among HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in Nepal

Ocular Manifestations in Patients with HIV Infection/AIDS who were Referred from the ART Centre, Hassan, Karnataka, India

Ocular manifestations in 321 male consecutive cases of human immunodeficiency virus infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at an HIV-referral centre

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