Evaluation of nutritional status and support in children with congenital heart disease

Blasquez, Amandine; Clouzeau, H.; Fayon, Michaël; Jb, Mouton; Jb, Thambo; Enaud, Raphaël; Lamireau, T.

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.209

Cited by 71 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…cyanotic infants with PH). Furthermore, in this study, the overall prevalence of malnutrition among infants with CHD was estimated at about 15%, which was lower than that in other similar studies (13).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Prevalence of Malnutrition in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

2019

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Background: Congenital heart defect (CHD) is the most common congenital anomaly in infants and is known to be a leading cause of malnutrition. Objectives: This study aimed to provide insights into the prevalence of malnutrition in children with CHD in Iran. Methods: The study enrolled 515 under-five children with CHD. The diagnosis was based on the definitive result of cardiac catheterization report. They were divided into the subgroups of cyanotic with pulmonary hypertension (PH), acyanotic with PH, cyanotic without PH, and acyanotic without PH according to their diagnosis. The degree of growth failure and the severity of malnutrition were evaluated based on the WHO standards (z-score criteria) in three categories as mild (-1.1 to-2.0 SD), moderate (-2.1 to-3.0 SD), and severe (≤ 3 SD). Results: Among the studied groups, the most prevalent CHDs were ventricular septal defect (VSD; 42.9%) and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF; 17.3%). Severe malnutrition was significantly more prevalent in cyanotic patients with and without PH (n = 23; 63.9% and n = 89; 51.1%, respectively). Normal nutritional status was significantly more in acyanotic patients without PH (P < 0.001). Overall, malnutrition in this study was mild in 16.3%, moderate in 24.1%, and severe in 39.8% of cases. Conclusions: The study showed that the prevalence of malnutrition in children with CHD aged under 5 years was noticeably high at this center in Iran. The administration of nutritional requirements such as low-volume and high-calorie diets should be considered for these vulnerable children.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Prevalence of Malnutrition in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

2019

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“…The prevalence of moderate to severe forms congenital heart defects is considered to be about 6 in 1000 live births (16, Figure 1. Malnutrition among the children compared with the WHO standards 17) and the incidence of moderate to severe forms of malnutrition in patients with congenital cardiac defects is 15%, more occurred in the presence of pulmonary hypertension (18), which the majority of them have low caloric intake and only a few have sufficient nutritional support (18). Several studies demonstrated that the total energy expenditure of the patients with non-corrected CHD is increased (19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Status in Iranian Non-Syndromic Patients with Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Surgical Repair

et al. 2019

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Background: To normally grow and develop, children with congenital heart diseases (CHD) in the hypermetabolic state need 50% more energy than healthy ones. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition and its association with other factors among the nonsyndromic acyanotic patients with CHD undergoing palliative or corrective surgery. Methods: A retrospective study of medical records of 812 children with acyanotic congenital heart disease undergoing palliative or corrective surgery was performed from March 2011 to March 2017. Collected data consisted of the age at the time of the surgery, gender, weight at the time of the surgery, height at the time of the surgery, birth weight, length of ICU stay, and 1-year mortality. The WAZ, WLZ, LAZ, and BMI Z-scores were calculated based on World Health Organization (WHO) standards. We classified the Z-scores into 4 groups, including normal (Z-scores >-1), mild (-2 to >-1), moderate (-3 to >-2), and severe (<-3) malnutrition groups. Results: Total amount of 812 patients, 375 (46.2%) were female and 437 (53.8%) male, participated in this study. The average age, weight, and height at the time of the surgery were 23.52 + 29.38 months, 9.086 + 6.71 kilograms, and 76.93 + 23.37 centimeters, respectively. Moreover, 68.7% and 66.4% of the patients suffered from mild to severe forms of malnutrition based on WAZ and WLZ, respectively (P value < 0.0001, 0.025). There was no significant difference between males and females in WAZ, WLZ, LAZ and, BMIZ (P value: 0.154, 0.265, 0.965, and 0.667, respectively). Generally, in acyanotic defects, we found that more severe malnutrition causes an increment in length of ICU stay (P value = 0.001) and lesser birth weight has a significant relationship with the severity of growth failure in infancy or childhood (P value < 0.0001). Conclusions: In our study, the high prevalence of the malnutrition and related complications during and after surgical repair shows the importance of nutritional support and interventions in patients with CHD.

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“…The rate of malnutrition in children with congenital heart disease ranges between 15% and 64% . Many aspects of congenital heart disease put children at risk for malnutrition, including increased caloric needs, difficulties with adequate nutrition provision due to limitations secondary to ductal‐dependent disease and/or need for vasopressor support, increased risk of necrotizing enterocolitis, and fluid limitations.…”

Section: Congenital Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition in Children With Chronic Disease

Larson‐Nath

Goday

2019

Nut in Clin Prac

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Malnutrition occurs when nutrient intake does not meet the needs for normal body functions and as a consequence leads to alterations of growth and development in children. Chronic illness puts children at risk for developing malnutrition. Because of children's rapid periods of growth and development, early diagnosis, prevention, and management of malnutrition are paramount. The reasons for malnutrition in children with chronic disease are multifactorial and are related to the underlying disease and nonillness-associated factors. This review addresses the causes, evaluation, and management of malnutrition in pediatric congenital heart disease, chronic kidney disease, liver disease, and cystic fibrosis. (Nutr Clin Pract. 2019;34:349-358)

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Evaluation of nutritional status and support in children with congenital heart disease

Abstract: Moderate or severe malnutrition is present in 15% of children with CHD, and it is more frequent in case of PH. Half of these children demonstrate low caloric intake, whereas few have proper nutritional support.

Cited by 71 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence of Malnutrition in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

Prevalence of Malnutrition in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

Nutritional Status in Iranian Non-Syndromic Patients with Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Surgical Repair

Malnutrition in Children With Chronic Disease

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