Evaluation of new cultivars of cherries and sweet cherries on the main economically valuable traits in the conditions of the Bryansk region

Abstract

The article presents the results of testing samples of cherries and sweet cherries, created at the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine. Cherry is one of the most important fruit crops in central Russia. In recent years, there has been a sharp reduction in the area of its cultivation. The main cause of the cherry crisis is stress factors that contribute to physiological disorders, weakened resistance to pathogens and reduced yields. Intense damage to leaves by coccomycosis and moniliosis is accompanied by powerful necrosis, which is a phenotypic manifestation of a developing disease and allows an accurate assessment of genotypes by resistance class. Sweet cherry is a new fruit crop in central Russia. Evaluation of 50 varieties of sour cherries and cherries according to a complex of economically valuable traits made it possible to identify a number of promising samples for their transfer to State tests. Among them are varieties and varieties: cherries - Ruskol, Bryansk Talisman, 2-11-33, 2-12-11, 3-18-23; cherries - Rusaliya, Valentina, Darnitsa, Milan and others. The State Register of Breeding Achievements includes 10 cultivars of cherries and 15 cultivars of sweet cherries bred by the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “FNTs VIK im. V.R. Williams”.