Abstract:Official agricultural engineering testing aims to determine torque and power, which are important information for decision making when buying an agricultural tractor. In this research the torque and maximum power values provided III (51.5 and 73.5kW); Class IV (73.5 and 117.7kW); and Class V (117.7 and 183.9kW
“…The sample consisted of tractors with 4x2 and 4x2 wheels, auxiliary front wheel drive (FWD), 36.7kW (50cv) nominal power, rear axle track higher than 1280mm, and 600kg minimum mass. Tractors were grouped using the classification proposed by FARIAS et al (2016). This grouping also considered homogeneous operator work places, and identified the work places according to the following parameters: operator work place type (conventional, with a semi-platform, or with an access platform), and version (cab and cabless).…”
This study aimed to develop and validate an ergonomics index for the operator workplace assessment of agricultural tractors sold in the Brazilian market. To develop the ergonomics index, the operator work places were assessed for compliance with current, national and international, safety and ergonomics standards. The following standards were analyzed to develop ergonomics index: ISO 15077 (1996), which regulates the position of operator controls; ABNT NBR ISO 4254-1(2015) and ABNT NBR ISO 4252 (2011), which regulate the access to operator workplaces; and NR 12 (2010), which determines the mandatory items of operator workplaces.Thirty-four operator work places of 152 models of new agricultural tractors sold in the Brazilian market were analyzed in this study. Ergonomics index was developed and validated using these standards, and the findings enabled the ranking of agricultural tractors. Therefore, the proposed ergonomics index proved feasible and may be applied to other agricultural machines.
“…The sample consisted of tractors with 4x2 and 4x2 wheels, auxiliary front wheel drive (FWD), 36.7kW (50cv) nominal power, rear axle track higher than 1280mm, and 600kg minimum mass. Tractors were grouped using the classification proposed by FARIAS et al (2016). This grouping also considered homogeneous operator work places, and identified the work places according to the following parameters: operator work place type (conventional, with a semi-platform, or with an access platform), and version (cab and cabless).…”
This study aimed to develop and validate an ergonomics index for the operator workplace assessment of agricultural tractors sold in the Brazilian market. To develop the ergonomics index, the operator work places were assessed for compliance with current, national and international, safety and ergonomics standards. The following standards were analyzed to develop ergonomics index: ISO 15077 (1996), which regulates the position of operator controls; ABNT NBR ISO 4254-1(2015) and ABNT NBR ISO 4252 (2011), which regulate the access to operator workplaces; and NR 12 (2010), which determines the mandatory items of operator workplaces.Thirty-four operator work places of 152 models of new agricultural tractors sold in the Brazilian market were analyzed in this study. Ergonomics index was developed and validated using these standards, and the findings enabled the ranking of agricultural tractors. Therefore, the proposed ergonomics index proved feasible and may be applied to other agricultural machines.
“…The use of these machines is one of the main factors for the increase of productivity, due to its different applicability, such as the reduction of costs and the necessity of the involvement of labor, the travel speed in the field operations realizations, the increase of the capacity of work and the management of several practices related to the agricultural production [26][27][28]. Also, in small rural properties and in regions that do not provide expansion areas, there were effective optimizations of inputs, resulting from the use of the machines, contributing positively to the increase of their productivities [20].…”
Section: Sustainability In the Agricultural Machinery Sectormentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, to achieve the emissions standards determined by Brazilian regulations, new diesel cycle engines equipped with innovative emission control systems are being developed [19]. This condition is relevant since it establishes the new paradigms in the development of engines of agricultural machines manufactured in Brazil for the next years, since the Brazilian market includes 195 different agricultural tractors models in its agricultural operations, besides the different projects of harvesters [20].…”
Greenhouse gas emissions are directly associated with climate change issues. Part of the emissions originates from the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and oil used as an energy source for the performance of agricultural machinery's internal combustion engines. However, discussions relevant to the topic are under development in Brazil, and there is a lack of research in the academic field on the intellectual property of agricultural technologies. The purpose of the article is to analyze patent filings in Brazil on technologies that seek to mitigate pollutant emissions from agricultural machinery engines. As a complement, a survey is carried out on the profile of manufacturers in the Brazilian market for technologies for agricultural machinery engines and countries that stand out to develop technologies related to reducing pollutant emissions. The Questel Orbit Platform was used to collect patent data between 2006 and 2017. The research represents innovation and extension of pollutant emissions by non-road engines and patent analysis, a field of research considered in continuous evolution by different researchers and under construction.
“…One of these parameters is the engine power of an agricultural tractor [29]. One way to obtain the torque and power values of a tractor's engine is through the use of a dynamometer [30]. Also, some software solutions have been developed for these and other types of calculations [31], and mobile applications, which are a complement to the study of tractors [32].…”
Tractors are used to perform jobs that require different types of agricultural tools to be attached to their rear, to their front, or both. These tools may need to be dragged, towed, or suspended above ground, and sometimes require a power supply; this is usually obtained via a hydraulic system or from the tractor's power takeoff system. When tractors have to work with such tools on different types of soils and on different slopes, the need arises to calculate the power the tractor engine will have to produce. In the classroom, this is normally calculated manually with the help of a calculator. This work, however, describes a computer program (written in Delphi and operating under Windows) that rapidly solves the most common types of power balance problems associated with single-traction tractors. The value of this software as a learning aid for students of agricultural engineering is discussed.
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