Evaluation of morphological, chemical, and sensory characteristicsof raspberry cultivars grown in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract

IntroductionAccording to the Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina (www.bhas.ba), raspberry production in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) increased from 9433 t to 13,631 t by 2015, followed by an increase in yield that increased from 5 t/ha to 8.1 t/ha. During this period, a decline in production was recorded in 2012 due to the heavy floods that hit B&H. Production of raspberries and other berries is very important from an economic point of view, i.e. from the aspect of agricultural development (Ercisli, 2004;Tosun et al., 2009;Ercisli et al., 2010;Zorenc et al., 2016). At the same time, the production of new cultivars has been introduced and agronomic practices have been changed, which ultimately affected the properties of the fruit together with other factors, such as climate, season, soil quality, and degree of ripeness (Skrovankova et al., 2015). To differentiate the quality of raspberry fruits on the market, sensory characteristics and the content of nutritive components are important (Pelayo et al., 2003). However, consumers give ever-increasing importance to nonnutritive components of the berry fruits that have positive effects on human health (Hancock et al., 2007;Nile and Park, 2014). This effect in raspberries is reflected in a significant concentration of antioxidants when the raspberries are fresh; by processing them in jam or freezing them, raspberry fruits lose their antioxidant capacity (Pichler, 2011). It is believed that raspberry has a higher antioxidant capacity than most other fruits and vegetables (Beekwilder et al., 2005). Antioxidants are associated with a reduced risk of heart disease, cancer, and other degenerative diseases, as well as slowing the aging process (Skupien and Oszmainski, 2004). When it comes to antioxidant components, raspberries contain anthocyanins the most; in addition, these compounds give them an attractive intense red color (da Silva et al., 2007). These are contained in raspberries in different proportions ranging from 45 to 791 mg/100 g of fresh fruit (Rimpapa et al., 2007;Borges et al., 2010). Raspberry is also an excellent source of vitamin C, a very powerful antioxidant with anticancer and immunomodulatory properties and known to prevent colds (Kumar and Rizvi, 2012). However, the antioxidant capacity of fruit results from the content of total phenolics, mostly of the subgroup of flavonoids, to which antiinflammatory, antiallergenic, antiviral, antiaging, and anticarcinogenic activities are attributed (da Silva et al., 2007). Therefore, the goal of all production is to grow a cultivar with good productivity, large fruit, and excellent quality. Considering that there are

Precision cane meristem management can influence productivity and fruit quality of floricane red raspberry cultivars

“…The total flavonoid content, (116.79 to 204.42 mg CE/100 g fresh weight) compared to raspberries in Turkey (Sariburin et al, 2010), Brasil (Rios de Souza et al, 2014), and Serbia (Cetojević-Simin et al, 2015), was in the more than average range. However, interestingly, the total monomeric anthocyanin content was lower than values reported elsewhere (6.30 to 11.63 mg C3GE/100 g frozen weight) (Poledica et al, 2012;Alibabić et al, 2018). The dry matter content was higher in Meeker and Tulameen than in Willamette, in both experimental years, which is in accordance with the findings of Leposavić et al (2013).…”

“…All 3 cultivars in both experimental years (Table 3) had extremely high total phenolic contents (1578.66-2301.86 mg GAE/100 g fresh weight ), which is a result that has rarely been recorded in the literature (Pantelidis et al, 2007;De Ancos et al, 2000;Poledica et al, 2012;Orzel et al, 2016). Literature values for TPC are generally up to 500 mg GAE/100 g fresh weight (Milivojević et al, 2011;Alibabić et al, 2018). Many studies have shown that fruit characteristics are influenced by factors such as climate conditions, altitude, soil characteristics, ripeness at harvest time, irrigation and other cultural practices, and cultivar characteristics, which explain differences across experiments (Milivojević et al, 2011;Leposavić et al, 2013;Natić et al, 2015;Andrianjaka-Camps et al, 2016;Alibabić et al, 2018).…”

“…Literature values for TPC are generally up to 500 mg GAE/100 g fresh weight (Milivojević et al, 2011;Alibabić et al, 2018). Many studies have shown that fruit characteristics are influenced by factors such as climate conditions, altitude, soil characteristics, ripeness at harvest time, irrigation and other cultural practices, and cultivar characteristics, which explain differences across experiments (Milivojević et al, 2011;Leposavić et al, 2013;Natić et al, 2015;Andrianjaka-Camps et al, 2016;Alibabić et al, 2018). The vitamin C content ranged from 24.79 to 47.18 mg/100 g fresh weight , and was comparable to the values in the literature (Poledica et al, 2012;Alibabić et al, 2018).…”

“…Many studies have shown that fruit characteristics are influenced by factors such as climate conditions, altitude, soil characteristics, ripeness at harvest time, irrigation and other cultural practices, and cultivar characteristics, which explain differences across experiments (Milivojević et al, 2011;Leposavić et al, 2013;Natić et al, 2015;Andrianjaka-Camps et al, 2016;Alibabić et al, 2018). The vitamin C content ranged from 24.79 to 47.18 mg/100 g fresh weight , and was comparable to the values in the literature (Poledica et al, 2012;Alibabić et al, 2018). The total flavonoid content, (116.79 to 204.42 mg CE/100 g fresh weight) compared to raspberries in Turkey (Sariburin et al, 2010), Brasil (Rios de Souza et al, 2014), and Serbia (Cetojević-Simin et al, 2015), was in the more than average range.…”

Quality parameters, antioxidant activity, and sensory acceptability of mixed jams of rose petals and apple

“…Horticultural plants ha ve been used for therapeutic, religious, cosmetic, nutritional, and beautification purposes since ancient times and humanity of all civilizations and culture are familiar with their usage (Alibabic, Skender, Orascanin, Sertovic, & Bajric, ; Alp et al, ; Galiana‐Belaguer, Ibanez, Cebolla‐Cornejo, & Rosello, ). The unique beauty of flowers and subtle fragrancy convey a message guaranteed to elicit delight.…”