Precision cane meristem management can influence productivity and fruit quality of floricane red raspberry cultivars

Abstract

Introduction Horticulture plants have been recognized for their human health benefits. They have a high content of nonnutritive, nutritive, and bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, phenolics, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and as well as nutritive compounds, such as sugars, essential oils, carotenoids, vitamins, and minerals. Bioactive compounds from horticulture plants have potent antioxidant, anticancer, and antimutagenic, etc., properties (Ercisli et al., 2003; Dogan et al., 2014; Alp et al., 2016). Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) is of high economic importance for Bosnia and Herzegovina (Mićić et al., 2015; Alibabić et al., 2018) given its positive biological and agronomic characteristics (Zorenc et al., 2016). Its quality is evidenced by high levels of nutritionally valuable compounds, such as phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and vitamin C (Dai and Mumper, 2010). Although raspberry is believed to have originated in Turkey (Ercisli, 2004), its high production levels are generally obtained outside the gene center of origin (Eyduran and Agagoglu, 2006) and its immediate surroundings. Apart from Serbia, among Balkan countries, as one of the world's leading raspberry producers, Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) is gaining importance in raspberry production in Europe. Importantly, raspberries in B&H are produced on small farms (0.3 ha on average), which are specific to the country. According to official data on raspberry production in B&H for the period of 2015 to 2016, raspberry acreage increased by 57% (1.682-2.647 ha) and total production increased by 63% (13.631-22.160 t). Nevertheless, this increase is accompanied by the fact that growers are generally prone to increasing raspberry acreage rather than upgrading growing technology, which very often reduces the cost-effectiveness of production. Insufficient knowledge of raspberry growth and development biology and the consequential partial control of major physiological processes through cultural and cane management practices are the most common causes of reduced yields. The specificity of the biennial cycle of development in floricane raspberry cultivars and the need for precision cane management, by hand (Nenadić, 1986) or by chemical methods (Poledica et al., 2012), are made

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