Evaluation of molecular methods for the field study of the natural history of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

Mitchell, Gillian; Cuthill, Grace; Haine, Alex; Zadoks, Ruth N.; Chaudhry, Umer; Skuce, Philip; Sargison, Neil

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.01.010

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Dicrocoelium has an exceptional life cycle that can take at least 6 months to complete. Within the same geographical location, several species of land snails and ants can be involved as first and second intermediate hosts, respectively [6]. Adult flukes are found in the bile ducts of their definitive herbivorous hosts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Distribution of Dicrocoelium in the Himalayan Ranges: Potential Impacts of Ecological Niches and Climatic Variables

et al. 2022

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Purpose Dicrocoeliosis can be an important cause of production loss in ruminants due to the cost of liver condemnation at slaughter. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Dicrocoelium infection and to predict the ecological niches and climatic variables that support dicrocoeliosis in the Himalayan ranges of Pakistan. Methods and Results Dicrocoelium was detected in 33 of 381 liver samples and 238 of 6060 blood samples taken from sheep and goat herds in the area. The prevalence of dicrocoeliosis was higher in sheep than in goats and highest in females aged more than 3 years. An environmental risk map was created to predict active zones of transmission and showed the highest probability values in central parts of the Chitral district in the northwest of Pakistan. Climatic variables of the mean monthly diurnal temperature range (Bio2), annual precipitation (Bio12), and normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) associated with the presence of Dicrocoelium infection. Conclusion Together, the findings of this study demonstrate the most suitable ecological niches and climatic variables influencing the risk of dicrocoeliosis in the Himalayan ranges of Pakistan. The methods and results could be used as a reference to inform the control of dicrocoeliosis in the region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Distribution of Dicrocoelium in the Himalayan Ranges: Potential Impacts of Ecological Niches and Climatic Variables

et al. 2022

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“…D. dendriticum eggs can be found in Europe, North Africa, North America, Asia and also Iran and they have abundant antigenic similarities with Schistosoma and Fasciola helminths 20–22 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…D. dendriticum eggs can be found in Europe, North Africa, North America, Asia and also Iran and they have abundant antigenic similarities with Schistosoma and Fasciola helminths. [20][21][22] Due to the helpful effects of helminths on autoimmune diseases especially MS, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the pro-…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the immunoregulatory effect of Dicrocoelium dendriticum eggs on inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in EAE model

Rad

Navi

Heidari

et al. 2022

Parasite Immunology

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Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an appropriate model for the study of the immunologic and pathologic mechanisms in multiple sclerosis (MS). According to the hygiene hypothesis, helminths can improve immunoregulation and have therapeutic effects on immune‐mediated diseases. In this study, we used Dicrocoelium dendriticum (Dicrocoeliidae, Platyhelminthes) eggs for the evaluation of their prophylactic and treatment effects on EAE disease. D. dendriticum eggs were extracted. Female C57BL/6 mice were immunized with the specific antigen MOG35−55, and then the egg extracts were utilized for prophylaxis and/or treatment. Clinical symptoms and other relevant parameters were assessed daily. The mRNA expression of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), IL‐6, IL‐23 and IL‐17 were assessed with a real‐time polymerase chain reaction technique. Furthermore, secretion of TGF‐β and IL‐17 cytokines were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Data indicated that clinical symptoms in prophylaxis and treatment groups were decreased significantly in comparison with the untreated control group (p < .001). Our results showed a significant decrease in IL‐17, as well as an increase in TGF‐β cytokine in the treatment group compared to the EAE control group (p < .01). Furthermore, in the prophylaxis and treatment groups, the mRNA expression of disease‐associated cytokines decreased and the mRNA expression of the anti‐inflammatory cytokines increased. In this study, the D. dendriticum egg ameliorates the clinical symptoms of the EAE model through the modulation of related cytokines of Th17 and Treg cells. Therefore, using this parasite egg could be a new treatment for MS.

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“…Larval flukes migrate to the liver via the biliary tree and develop to adults in the bile ducts [4]. Several species of land snails and ants are known to be intermediate hosts within the same geographical location [7]; nevertheless the geographical distribution of Dicrocoelium spp. is constrained by the precise conditions required for completion of the parasite's life history.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular confirmation of Dicrocoelium dendriticum in the Himalayan ranges of Pakistan

Khan

Afshan

Nazar

et al. 2021

Parasitology International

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Evaluation of molecular methods for the field study of the natural history of Dicrocoelium dendriticum

Abstract: There is a need for improved methods for the study of the impacts of climatic and livestock management change on the epidemiology of production-limiting helminth parasitic diseases. In this study we report the application of molecular methods to describe the

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Spatial Distribution of Dicrocoelium in the Himalayan Ranges: Potential Impacts of Ecological Niches and Climatic Variables

Spatial Distribution of Dicrocoelium in the Himalayan Ranges: Potential Impacts of Ecological Niches and Climatic Variables

Evaluation of the immunoregulatory effect of Dicrocoelium dendriticum eggs on inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in EAE model

Molecular confirmation of Dicrocoelium dendriticum in the Himalayan ranges of Pakistan

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