Evaluation of micronuclei in exfoliated urothelial cells and urinary thioether excretion of smokers

Burgaz, Sema; İşcan, Ayşe; Büyükbingöl, Zeliha; Bozkurt, Aruz; Karakaya, Ali Esat

doi:10.1016/0165-1161(95)90052-7

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Tobacco smoke is known to contain numerous genotoxic chemicals [34,35], but conflicting results regarding the genotoxic effects of smoking have been reported. For instance, Ç elik et al [32] and Burgaz et al [36] found a significant increase in the frequency of MNC in smokers compared with non-smokers, whereas Bolognesi et al [37] and Martino-Roth et al [38] reported a small decrease in the frequency of MNC in smokers, although this was not significant. Similar to our observations, several authors also found that the occurrence of MNC was not significantly associated with smoking status in individuals occupationally exposed to fuel derivatives [21,22,31,33] or other potentially carcinogenic substances, such as pesticides [23,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exposure of thermoelectric power-plant workers to volatile organic compounds from fuel oil: Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in buccal epithelial cells

Garcia

Linhares

Amaral

et al. 2012

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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a b s t r a c tThermoelectric power-plant workers are constantly exposed to high levels of potentially genotoxic gaseous substances, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the combustion of fuel oil or the processing of naphtha. The aim of the present study was to estimate the association between such occupational exposure and the frequency of micronucleated cells and cells with other nuclear anomalies.Buccal epithelial cells were collected from a total of 44 power-plant workers (exposed group) and 47 administrative workers (non-exposed group), and examined for the frequency of micronucleated cells (MNC) and of cells with other nuclear anomalies (ONA: pyknosis, karyolysis, and karyorrhexis) by means of the micronucleus assay. The frequencies of MNC and ONA per 1000 cells in the exposed group (1.8‰ and 82.4‰, respectively) were significantly higher than in the non-exposed group (0.2‰ and 58.3‰, respectively). The exposed group had a twelve-fold increase in risk for formation of MNC compared with non-exposed individuals (RR = 12.1; 95% CI, 5.0-29.2; P < 0.001). The confounding factors analyzed (age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and mouthwash use) did not show any significant association with the frequency of MNC or ONA.The findings of this study show that workers from power plants exposed to VOCs have a significantly elevated risk for DNA damage. Therefore, bio-monitoring of DNA damage is recommended for this group of workers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exposure of thermoelectric power-plant workers to volatile organic compounds from fuel oil: Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in buccal epithelial cells

Garcia

Linhares

Amaral

et al. 2012

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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“…25 In the another study, no genotoxic effect of alcohol was found. 26 In a study by Stich and Rosin 27 the effects of alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and a combination of the two were examined. A synergistic effect of alcohol and nicotine was observed, but the two drugs alone did not cause an elevation of micronuclei frequencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity assessment in patients undergoing orthodontic radiographs

Angelieri

Carlin²,

Saez³

et al. 2010

Dentomaxillofacial Radiology

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Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate DNA damage (micronucleus) and cellular death (pyknosis, karyolysis and karyorrhexis) in exfoliated buccal mucosa cells from individuals following radiography. Methods: Lateral and frontal cephalometric X-ray and panoramic dental X-rays were taken of a total of 18 healthy patients (6 male and 12 female) referred for orthodontic therapy. Exfoliated oral mucosa cells were collected immediately before X-ray exposure and after 10 days. Results: The results revealed no statistically significant difference (P . 0.05) in the frequency micronucleated oral mucosa cells after X-ray exposure. However, X-ray was able to increase other nuclear alterations closely related to cytotoxicity, such as karyorrhexis, pyknosis and karyolysis. Conclusions: Data indicated that exposure to certain radiography may not be a factor in inducing chromosomal damage, but it does promote cytotoxicity.

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“…Also, some studies report use of fluorescent in situ hybridization with a pancentromeric probe, with propidium iodide as a counterstain, to investigate the content of micronuclei present in urine preparations (Moore et al, 1997b;Warner et al, 1994). However, as urine samples taken from females contain numerous squamous cells from vaginal origin, many population studies have been restricted to males (Burgaz et al, 1995;Moore et al, 1997a;Moore et al, 1997b;Ranmuthugala et al, 2003), therefore limiting their applicability to only a subset of the exposed population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in coal gasification and aluminium production industries, in mixtures of coal-tar pitch, coal tar and asphalt (Straif et al, 2005), as well as in tobacco smoke (Burgaz et al, 1995;DeMarini, 2004), reveal a statistically significant excess risk of bladder cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing urothelial cell preparation for the human urinary micronucleus assay

Fortin

Anghel

Brochu

et al. 2010

Toxicology in Vitro

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Biological monitoring of early genotoxic effects in urothelial cells using the urinary micronucleus (MNu) assay is promising for early detection of cancer, such as bladder carcinoma. But many problems are encountered, the major being the poorly differential staining of cells, particularly in women having an important amount of squamous cells. We have optimized the protocol and obtained a differential staining of the cell types present in urine on 10 subjects. Following Carnoy I fixation and Papanicolaou staining, urothelial cells were blue while most squamous cells were pink. This differential staining allowed for optimization of the MNu assay on a single urine void, for both females and males. Even if our MNu means were comparable to the literature, the great variation in reported MNu results could reside in the ability of scorers to distinguish correctly between urothelial and squamous cells. When monitoring exposed populations, this erroneous distinction could largely influence the results, even more in women's urine samples. Given a situation where exposure would not increase micronuclei frequency in vaginal squamous cells, their erroneous analysis in the MNu assay could mask an early genotoxic effect. Therefore, as transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder originates from transformed urothelial cells, restricting micronuclei analysis to urothelial cells could yield a more precise estimate of cancer risk in exposed populations. Moreover, it is hoped that the improvements proposed in this paper will allow for an easier implementation of the MNu assay in various set-ups and enhance its specificity, since MNu are considered a suitable biomarker.

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Evaluation of micronuclei in exfoliated urothelial cells and urinary thioether excretion of smokers

Cited by 47 publications

References 26 publications

Exposure of thermoelectric power-plant workers to volatile organic compounds from fuel oil: Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in buccal epithelial cells

Exposure of thermoelectric power-plant workers to volatile organic compounds from fuel oil: Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in buccal epithelial cells

Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity assessment in patients undergoing orthodontic radiographs

Optimizing urothelial cell preparation for the human urinary micronucleus assay

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