Evaluation of Lipid Metabolism and Nutritional Status in Male Goalball Players

Abstract

Lipid disorders, obesity and overweight are considered one of the most important modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Population surveys carried out in Poland have demonstrated a tendency for lipid disorders to occur in 70% and overweight and obesity in more than half of Poles. No such studies have been conducted in groups of people with vision impairment so far. Yet, regular involvement of visually impaired people in sports is likely to reduce cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the authors attempted to evaluate the lipid profile and nutritional status of male goalball players. Thirty two blind or visually impaired male goalball players aged 20 to 45 years participated in the study during which somatic variables (BH, BM, WC, VFR, BMI) and the lipid profile (TC, LDL, HDL, TG) were evaluated. Overweight was found in 40.6% of athletes, with obesity being at the level of 9.3%. A high correlation was found between visceral fat and the BMI (r=0.7; p<0.001), as well as between visceral fat and WC (r=0.8; p<0.001). Abnormal total cholesterol levels were recorded for LDL (22% of study participants), HDL (17%) and triglycerides (13%). Lower levels of individual components of lipid profiles (and higher levels for HDL) were found in athletes with a normal BMI. A correlation was found between the BMI and TG (r=0.4, p<0.01), WC and TG (r=0.4, p<0.01), VFR and LDL ( r=0.4, p<0.05) and TG (r=0.5, p<0.001). The percentage of overweight and obese subjects with vision impairment was lower compared to the general population of men in Poland, with a more beneficial lipid profile. Regular physical activity of the study participants is likely to have a positive effect on their health.

Activity Profiles of International Goalball Players Using Wearable Devices

“…Gawlik et al reported the results of anthropometric measurements of 32 Polish goalball players 12) , which were not remarkably different from weight and BMI of Japanese players in the current study. In addition, the results of HIE, Acc, Dec, and CoDs measured by using IMU in the current study were comparable to those of Uematsu (2018), who examined handball players 13) .…”

O estado da arte das pesquisas em esportes coletivos para pessoas com deficiência: uma revisão sistemática

“…Para atletas com PCDs os requisitos de nutrientes devem ser avaliados em relação às diferenças nos níveis de atividade, processos metabólicos alterados, medicamentos crônicos, modos variados de alimentação e tipo de deficiência. Especificamente, alguns tipos de deficiência têm capacidades fisiológicas e físicas alteradas 15,72 e muitas modalidades coletivas têm demandas fisiológicas únicas, como basquete em cadeira de rodas 73,74 , goalball 75,76 , rugby de cadeira de rodas 77,78 e futebol para amputados 79,80 . Por outro lado, a massa corporal de PCDspode necessitar de ajuste das diretrizes usuais, principalmente nos casos de avaliação em relação à composição corporal de tetraplégicos ou amputados 15 .…”

Evolution of the Profile of a Polish Paralympian from Heidelberg to Tokyo Paralympic Games: A Study Protocol for a Prospective Longitudinal Study

“…Therefore, it is di cult to compare the results obtained for other national Paralympic teams. Nevertheless, individual sociodemographic characteristics are in the area of interest of researchers primarily as independent variables that often determine athletic performance and prevalence of sports injuries or are used to identify disease risks among Paralympic athletes [4][5][6][7][8]. The sociodemographic characteristics that have been often analyzed in publications are used only to characterize the respondents in a given sport and refer to speci c Paralympic Games or a Paralympic preparation period without taking into account temporal changes.…”