Evaluation of laser bacterial anti‐fouling of transparent nanocrystalline yttria‐stabilized‐zirconia cranial implant

Abstract

Our results show that E. coli biofilm formation across the thickness of the nc-YSZ implant can be disrupted using NIR laser treatment. The results of this in vitro study suggest that using nc-YSZ as a cranial implant in vivo may also allow for locally selective, non-invasive, chronic treatment of bacterial layers (fouling) that might form under cranial implants, without causing adverse thermal damage to the underlying host tissue when appropriate laser parameters are used. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:782-789, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Bacterial biofilm formation on implantable devices and approaches to its treatment and prevention

“…When this technique is used to eradicate bacterial cells, it is termed antimicrobial photodynamic therapy [98]. Various light sources have been used in in vitro and in vivo studies, such as yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) lasers [162, 163], potassium yttrium tungstate (KYW) lasers [164], and femtosecond [165] and near-infrared lasers [166], showing the potential of photodynamic therapy to treat and control biofilm-based infections. Multiple bacterial biofilms have been shown to be eradicated using diode lasers (405–940 nm) and different photosensitizers on acrylic resin, glass, titanium, and zirconia, which in some cases was shown to be synergistic with antibiotic treatment [163, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174].…”

Chronic Brain Imaging Across a Transparent Nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized-Zirconia Cranial Implant

“…The transparency of the WttB implant provides the potential to perform laser antifouling of both upper and lower implant surfaces in situ, which could prevent the need for these additional open-skull procedures. We have demonstrated this concept previously in vitro in cultures of E. coli (one of the primary causes of conventional implant failure) (Damestani et al, 2016a).…”

“…We previously introduced a potential solution (Castillo-Vega et al, 2012 ; Damestani et al, 2013 , 2016a , b ; Gutierrez et al, 2017 ; Davoodzadeh et al, 2018 , 2019 ; Cano-Velázquez et al, 2019 ) in the form of a transparent ceramic cranial implant called the Window to the Brain (WttB) implant. This implant is made of nanocrystalline Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia (nc-YSZ), which possesses the requisite mechanical strength (Davoodzadeh et al, 2019 ) and biocompatibility (Damestani et al, 2016b ) to serve as a permanent optical access window in human patients.…”

The use of customized 3D‐printed mandibular prostheses with pressure‐reducing device: A clinical trial

“…30,31 The photodynamic therapy can serve as an effective and noninvasive alternative for treating implant-associated infections. [32][33][34][35] We utilized the ALT flap in all of our patients to cover and protect the CMP. This flap has thicker skin, adequate muscular volume, and a unique anatomy that enables the use of various harvesting methods.…”