“…Kolber et al, 2005). These pulse-modulated measuring systems, probe the yield of chlorophyll fluorescence under steady-state illumination (Fs) and during a short saturating flash delivered at close range (1-100 mm), and have been successfully used for measuring photosynthesis (Adams et al, 1999;Rascher et al, 2000). However, their application is mostly restricted to individual leaves in accessible canopies (Ananyev et al, 2005), with a few notable exceptions (e.g.…”