Evaluation of Impact on Digital Radio Systems by Measuring Amplitude Probability Distribution of Interfering Noise

Abstract

SUMMARY This paper presents a method for evaluating the maximum bit error probability (BEP) of a digital communication system subjected to interference by measuring the amplitude probability distribution (APD) of the interfering noise. Necessary conditions for the BEP evaluation are clarified both for the APD measuring receiver and the communication receiver considered. A method of defining emission limits is presented in terms of APD so that the worst BEP of a communication system does not exceed a required permissible value. The methods provide a theoretical basis for a wide variety of applications such as emission requirements in compliance testing, dynamic spectrum allocations, characterization of an electromagnetic environment for introducing new radio systems, and evaluation of intra-system interference. key words: amplitude probability distribution, electromagnetic interference, electromagnetic noise, bit error probability, non-Gaussian noise

Probability of Conjunction Estimation for Analyzing the Electromagnetic Environment Based on a Space Object Conjunction Methodology

“…Then we apply a radio propagation model for complete elaboration of P cEM . While considering the trajectory of the system, the description of P c for such a scenario is defined as follows: the state vector (position and velocity) of system 1 (S 1 ) is Ω 1 with the covariance matrix 1 . It is assumed that at t 10 the state and covariance matrix is known for S 1 .…”

“…Probabilistic methods are also being used for electromagnetic compatibility/electromagnetic interference (EMC/EMI) evaluation in communication systems. They are primarily based on the amplitude probability distribution (APD) in which the probability of interference noise is measured as the sum of the intervals during which signal samples exceed a certain threshold, normalized by the total measurement time [1,2]. This method is quite suitable for intra-system level EMC evaluation, but for the characterization of a complete EM environment, where platforms are stationary or moving in trajectories, the prediction of the EM interference in that situation is quite complex.…”

“…It can be carried out in EM chambers in far-field regions, and the SUT is considered as the receiver in this evaluation [3] and [4] (pp. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. For the transmitters, MIL-STD 464C [4] (pp.…”

Initial Results from SQUID Sensor: Analysis and Modeling for the ELF/VLF Atmospheric Noise

“…It has been demonstrated that the bit error rate of some digital modulation can be well estimated by APD [30]. Other widely used statistical definitions that characterize the envelope of the noise $A\left(t\right)$ are (1) the cumulative distribution function (CDF) $F_A\left(a\right)$, which is one minus the APD, (2) pdf $f_A\left(a\right)$ is the derivative of the CDF, and (3) the voltage deviation $V_d$ [5].…”

An APD‐Based Evaluation on the Effect of Transient Disturbance over Digital Transmission

“…Thus, the improved expression that provides an upper bound of the bit error probability was developed in Ref. [14,15]. In fact, the calculated BEP result is so large that it actually overestimates the degradation, especially under impulse noise.…”