Evaluation of Î³-oryzanol content and composition from the grains of pigmented rice-germplasms by LC-DAD-ESI/MS

Kim, Heon Woong; Kim, Jung Bong; Poovan, Shanmugavelan; Kim, Se Na; Cho, Young Sook; Kim, Haeng Ran; Lee, Jeong Tae; Jeon, Weon Tai; Lee, Dong Jin

doi:10.1186/1756-0500-6-149

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Policies that increase rice consumption can contribute to solving the economic problems of rural communities. One approach is the development of novel rice varieties with improved nutritional and bioactive properties [4].Rice (Oryza sativa L.) contains more than a hundred bioactive compounds, including phytic acid, isovitexin, flavonoids, phenolics, polyphenols, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanins, and previously unknown compounds have been characterized and quantified in the rice germplasm [5][6][7][8]. Rice also has a high level of nutraceutical lipid compounds, such as tocopherol, tocotrienol, phytosterols, γ-oryzanol, octacosanol, and squalene, which are known to be powerful antioxidants [9,10].…”

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Variability in Nutraceutical Lipid Content of Selected Rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. indica) Germplasms

et al. 2019

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) contains many high-value nutritional compounds, including nutraceutical lipid compounds that offer health benefits. An understanding of the genetic variability in the lipid contents of different rice germplasms is necessary to support breeding programs. The goals of this study were: i) to investigate varietal differences in levels of the nutraceutical lipid α-tocopherol, γ-oryzanol, campesterol, β-sitosterol, octacosanol, and squalene and ii) to identify clusters of rice germplasms based on their lipid contents. Eighty-three indica rice subspecies were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Research was conducted in Thailand during the 2016 rice-growing season. Significant differences were found among genotypes across all traits. The largest variation was found for β-sitosterol, followed by campesterol, octacosanol, and α-tocopherol. Variation in squalene content was small. Four principal components were found that accounted for 93.47% of overall variability. β-sitosterol, campesterol, and squalene were the principal discriminatory constituents. No significant correlation was found between color parameters and levels of these compounds, suggesting that former are of little use as an indirect marker for selection of fat-soluble nutraceuticals. Cluster analysis sorted the germplasm into nine clusters, based on their nutraceutical lipid content. TU-010, TU-027, TU-093, and TU-244 genotypes had the highest levels, making them a potentially useful genetic resource in breeding programs for nutraceutically-improved rice. The findings of this study can support the introduction of novel rice varieties with high added-value bioactive properties.world might be associated with the high-value antioxidants that rice contains [3]. However, as dietary patterns have become more Western-oriented, consumption of rice has been decreasing. Policies that increase rice consumption can contribute to solving the economic problems of rural communities. One approach is the development of novel rice varieties with improved nutritional and bioactive properties [4].Rice (Oryza sativa L.) contains more than a hundred bioactive compounds, including phytic acid, isovitexin, flavonoids, phenolics, polyphenols, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanins, and previously unknown compounds have been characterized and quantified in the rice germplasm [5][6][7][8]. Rice also has a high level of nutraceutical lipid compounds, such as tocopherol, tocotrienol, phytosterols, γ-oryzanol, octacosanol, and squalene, which are known to be powerful antioxidants [9,10]. These are potential inhibitors of cholesterol oxidation, have been shown to reduce serum cholesterol levels in animals, and are effective in treating anxiety neurosis, menopausal disorders, inflammatory diseases, and in inhibiting tumor growth [11][12][13]. These bioactive lipid compounds are concentrated in the rice germ or bran and are lost during milling or polishing [14]. Most consumers also prefer the palatability of milled or white rice, wh...

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Variability in Nutraceutical Lipid Content of Selected Rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. indica) Germplasms

et al. 2019

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“…Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the three major food crops in the world [1]. Improving grain yield and quality is major goal of rice breeding [2,3].…”

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Sample‐directed pseudotargeted method for the metabolic profiling analysis of rice seeds based on liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry

Zhang

Zhao

Zeng

et al. 2015

J of Separation Science

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Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. Metabolite composition in rice seeds varies significantly depending on genetic variety, climatic alternation and agricultural practice. Metabolomics is a powerful tool to reveal the metabolic response of rice to various conditions. In this work, a rice seed sample-directed pseudotargeted metabolomics method was first established and validated based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. A total of 749 and 617 ion pairs in positive and negative modes were achieved, respectively. Among them, about 200 metabolites were identified or tentatively identified. The developed method showed better linearity and repeatability than those of non-targeted metabolomics method. Good intra-day and inter-day precisions, recoveries and wide linear range were also obtained. Furthermore, the method was applied for the investigation of metabolic variation of rice seeds with two wild cultivars and their transgenic lines that were grown in two locations. Principal component analysis indicated that the effects of cultivar and location on metabolic variations were far more than those of gene modification. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test revealed that most metabolites were influenced by cultivar, location and gene modifications together.

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“…γ-Oryzanol is an ester of ferulic acid and several different triterpenoids, among which the main triterpenoids are 24-methylene cycloartanol, cycloartenol, campesterol, and β-sitosterol [14] . The composition of the triterpenoids differs depending on the type of rice from which γ-oryzanol is derived [14] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ninety-day oral toxicity study of rice-derived γ-oryzanol in Sprague-Dawley rats

Moon¹,

Kim²,

Shimizu

et al. 2017

Toxicology Reports

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A 90-day oral toxicity study of γ-oryzanol, a rice-derived triterpenoid ferulate, was performed by oral gavage administration to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at doses of 0, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight/day. All rats administered γ-oryzanol survived throughout the study period. Both male and female rats showed no toxicologically significant changes of the general signs, examination findings, body weight, food consumption, functional observational battery results, ophthalmological findings, urinalysis, hematology tests, clinical chemistry tests, organ weights, and necropsy findings. Moreover, there were no histopathological changes related to administration of γ-oryzanol in males and females from the 2000 mg/kg body weight/day group. In conclusion, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of γ-oryzanol exceeded 2000 mg/kg body weight/day for both male and female rats under the conditions of this study.

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Evaluation of Î³-oryzanol content and composition from the grains of pigmented rice-germplasms by LC-DAD-ESI/MS

Cited by 25 publications

References 29 publications

Variability in Nutraceutical Lipid Content of Selected Rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. indica) Germplasms

Variability in Nutraceutical Lipid Content of Selected Rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. indica) Germplasms

Sample‐directed pseudotargeted method for the metabolic profiling analysis of rice seeds based on liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry

Ninety-day oral toxicity study of rice-derived γ-oryzanol in Sprague-Dawley rats

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