Evaluation of <i>Mollicutes</i> Microorganisms in Respiratory Disease of Cattle and Their Relationship to Clinical Signs

Tortorelli, Gabriela; Gaeta, Natália Carrillo; Ribeiro, Beatriz Maria dos Santos Santiago; Marques, Lucas Miranda; Timenetsky, Jorge; Gregory, Lílian

doi:10.1111/jvim.14721

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…The use of more than one culture medium may increase the isolation rate of Mycoplasma spp., as observed by Lai et al (1986), when comparing Chalquest and Hayflick's means for detecting M. pulmonis, with 92% and 66% bacterial isolation, respectively. Tortorelli et al (2017) obtained only positive isolation on Hayflick medium in 32 sections of bovine respiratory disease, stressing a low percentage when compared to other studies. The authors also observed that the result of bacterial isolation is often not associated with PCR in a positive way, comprising negative molecular and positive culture results.…”

Section: Microbiological Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Microbiological and molecular detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk samples from bovine clinical mastitis

et al. 2020

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The genus Mycoplasma includes more than 200 bacterial species that cause disease in animals. It is responsible for causing mastitis in bovines and may be related to other manifestations, such as arthritis and pneumonia in calves and heifers. The present study aimed to detect Mycoplasma bovis isolated from milk samples of bovine clinical mastitis, and to compare the isolation rates in two culture media: Hayflick and SP4. An initial screening was performed in order to detect the presence of the class Mollicutes in 1166 milk samples from clinical mastitis by the conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. According to the 1166 milk samples evaluated, 8.6% (100/1166) were positive to class Mollicutes. Regarding molecular analyses, 1.1% (13/1166) of conventional PCR for positive M. bovis was obtained and 0.9% (11/1166) in real-time PCR. The results of the microbiological culture of the 100 samples previously screened demonstrated that 6% (6/100) of colony growth have been developed when using the Hayflick medium, and 11% (11/100) when using the SP4 medium (including the positive on Hayflick medium). Concerning the 11 isolates obtained in the microbiological culture, conventional PCR confirmed M. bovis in nine of them, and two cultures were negative. In the phylogenetic analysis of the isolates, all of them were grouped in M. bovis and M. agalactiae clusters. The results confirmed the importance of the presence of M. bovis in the etiology of bovine clinical mastitis and reinforced the need for further studies to elucidate other Mycoplasma species that may be involved in bovine clinical mastitis in Brazil.

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Section: Microbiological Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 54%

Microbiological and molecular detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk samples from bovine clinical mastitis

et al. 2020

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“…It is not clear what role M. dispar plays in respiratory health. This bacterium has been previously isolated from the lungs of both healthy and pneumonic cattle [48][49][50]. Interestingly, a study by Timsit et al, 2018 identified a distinct metacommunity, which was characterized by an over-representation of M. dispar (and other commensal bacteria such as Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus casei) in the lungs of healthy feedlot cattle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

et al. 2020

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Background: Bacterial bronchopneumonia (BP) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle. The nasopharynx is generally accepted as the primary source of pathogenic bacteria that cause BP. However, it has recently been shown in humans that the oropharynx may act as the primary reservoir for pathogens that reach the lung. The objective was therefore to describe the bacterial microbiota present along the entire cattle respiratory tract to determine which upper respiratory tract (URT) niches may contribute the most to the composition of the lung microbiota. Methods: Seventeen upper and lower respiratory tract locations were sampled from 15 healthy feedlot steer calves. Samples were collected using a combination of swabs, protected specimen brushes, and saline washes. DNA was extracted from each sample and the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) was sequenced. Community composition, alphadiversity, and beta-diversity were compared among sampling locations. Results: Microbiota composition differed across sampling locations, with physiologically and anatomically distinct locations showing different relative abundances of 1137 observed sequence variants (SVs). An analysis of similarities showed that the lung was more similar to the nasopharynx (R-statistic = 0.091) than it was to the oropharynx (Rstatistic = 0.709) or any other URT sampling location. Five distinct metacommunities were identified across all samples after clustering at the genus level using Dirichlet multinomial mixtures. This included a metacommunity found primarily in the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma. Further clustering at the SV level showed a shared metacommunity between the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma dispar. Other metacommunities found in the nostrils, tonsils, and oral microbiotas were dominated by Moraxella, Fusobacterium, and Streptococcus, respectively. Conclusions: The nasopharyngeal bacterial microbiota is most similar to the lung bacterial microbiota in healthy cattle and therefore may serve as the primary source of bacteria to the lung. This finding indicates that the nasopharynx is likely the most important location that should be targeted when doing bovine respiratory microbiota research.

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“…It is not clear what role M. dispar plays in respiratory health. This bacterium has been previously isolated from the lungs of both healthy and pneumonic cattle [48][49][50]. immunosuppressive effects, it is associated with only milder respiratory infections and is likely not a causative agent for BP [48,50,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This bacterium has been previously isolated from the lungs of both healthy and pneumonic cattle [48][49][50]. immunosuppressive effects, it is associated with only milder respiratory infections and is likely not a causative agent for BP [48,50,51]. In general, Mycoplasma have a high affinity for binding to respiratory epithelial cells via adhesin proteins [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

McMullen

Alexander

Léguillette

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundBacterial bronchopneumonia (BP) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle. While the bacterial composition of the bovine upper respiratory tract (URT) has not been studied in detail, the nasopharynx is generally accepted as the primary source of pathogenic bacteria that cause BP.However, it has recently been shown in humans that the oropharynx may act as the primary reservoir for pathogens that reach the lung. The objective was therefore to describe the bacterial microbiota present along the entire cattle respiratory tract to determine which URT niches may contribute the most to the composition of the lung microbiota. MethodsSeventeen upper and lower respiratory tract locations were sampled from 15 healthy feedlot steer calves. Samples were collected using a combination of swabs, protected specimen brushes, and saline washes. DNA was extracted from each sample and the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) was sequenced.Community composition, alpha-diversity, and beta-diversity were compared among sampling locations. ResultsMicrobiota composition differed across sampling locations, with physiologically and anatomically distinct locations showing different relative abundances of 1,137 observed sequence variants (SVs).An analysis of similarities showed that the lung was more similar to the nasopharynx (R-statistic = 0.091) than it was to the oropharynx (R-statistic = 0.709) or any other URT sampling location. Five distinct metacommunities were identified across all samples after clustering at the genus level using Dirichlet multinomial mixtures. This included a metacommunity found primarily in the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma . Further clustering at the SV level showed a shared metacommunity between the lung and nasopharynx that was dominated by Mycoplasma dispar .Other metacommunities found in the nostrils, tonsils, and oral microbiotas were dominated by Moraxella , Fusobacterium , and Streptococcus , respectively.

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Evaluation of Mollicutes Microorganisms in Respiratory Disease of Cattle and Their Relationship to Clinical Signs

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Microbiological and molecular detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk samples from bovine clinical mastitis

Microbiological and molecular detection of Mycoplasma bovis in milk samples from bovine clinical mastitis

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

Topography of the respiratory tract bacterial microbiota in cattle

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