Evaluation of hydrophobicity in PAH-contaminated soils during phytoremediation

Cofield, Naressa; Banks, M. Katherine; Schwab, A. P.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.040

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Generally, more reduced, nonpolar OM strongly sorbs PAHs, slows PAH desorption, and reduces PAH bioavailability (Huang and Weber, 1997;Johnson et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2005). However, we and Cofield et al (2007) observed significant attenuation of PAHs in more nonpolar, vegetated contaminated SOM relative to more polar, non-vegetated SOM controls. Greater PAH weathering and reductions in PAH concentrations for vegetated sediments suggest enhanced PAH release from vegetated sediments relative to non-vegetated sediments.…”

Section: Pah Concentrations and Sediment Organic Matter Compositioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…Recently, Cofield et al (2007) evaluated the effect of vegetation on manufactured, gas plant soil hydrophobicity and observed that vegetated, manufactured gas plant soils were more hydrophobic (nonpolar) than unplanted soils after one year of phytoremediation. Their research indicated that plant residues and microbially-derived lipids were the primary factors controlling soil hydrophobicity not contamination (Cofield et al, 2007, references therein).…”

Section: Pah Concentrations and Sediment Organic Matter Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differences in Pah Desorption and Sediment Organic Matter Composition Between Non-Vegetated and Recently Vegetated Fuel-Oiled Sediments

Nichols

Musella²

2009

International Journal of Phytoremediation

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We assessed the desorption behavior of pyrene, chrysene, phenanthrene, and tri-alkylated (C3) phenanthrene/anthracenes for non-vegetated and recently vegetated (< 2 yrs) fuel-oiled sediments collected from the Indiana Harbor Canal (IHC), Gary, IN. Bulk sediment and humin were analyzed for PAH concentrations, organic matter composition, and PAH desorption behavior. PAH desorption isotherms and kinetics were determined using batch aqueous extractions and a two compartment, first-order kinetic model Vegetated sediments contained more plant carbon and were more nonpolar and less oxidized than non-vegetated sediments. Desorption kinetics indicated that PAH desorption was primarily controlled by a slow PAH-desorbing fraction (F2) of IHC sediments. However, in vegetated sediments, particularly humin, PAH release from a faster PAH-desorbing fraction (F1) increased as did the rates (k2) of PAH desorption from the dominant slow PAH-desorbing fraction (F2). We propose that vegetation provides aliphatic, nonpolar carbon to IHC sediments that facilitates more rapid PAH desorption from bulk sediment and humin.

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Section: Pah Concentrations and Sediment Organic Matter Compositioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Pah Concentrations and Sediment Organic Matter Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Pah Desorption and Sediment Organic Matter Composition Between Non-Vegetated and Recently Vegetated Fuel-Oiled Sediments

Nichols

Musella²

2009

International Journal of Phytoremediation

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“…Normally, the molarity of ethanol droplet (MED) or ethanol test uses a series of aqueous ethanol solutions prepared in concentrations ranging between 0% and 36%. Drops of the various solutions are placed on the surface of soil samples, and the degree of soil water repellency is then defined as the ethanol percentage or molarity of the least concentrated ethanol solution that is absorbed by the soil in a mean time of <10 s. However, some researchers have set the duration of contact time at <3 s [e.g., Crockford et al , 1991; Doerr and Thomas , 2000; Cofield et al , 2007] and others at <5 s [e.g., Karnok et al , 1993; Dekker and Ritsema , 1994; Crabtree and Henderson , 1999], making direct comparisons between studies difficult. Besides, comparisons are hard to make because samples are sometimes sieved, air dried or oven dried, which all affect the measured values.…”

Section: Methods For Assessing Soil Water Repellencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for determining soil water repellency on field‐moist samples

Dekker¹,

Ritsema

Oostindie³

et al. 2009

Water Resources Research

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[1] In this paper we describe a simple and quick method for determining the presence of water repellency in a soil by using a small core sampler (1.5 cm in diameter, 25 cm long) and applying the water drop penetration time (WDPT) test at different depths on the sandy soil cores. Obtained results provide spatial distribution patterns of water repellency in a soil profile, demonstrating seasonal changes in repellency. An advantage of the method is that the soil is not disturbed by the sampling. For assessment of the persistence of water repellency in strongly to extremely water repellent soils, and for determination of the critical soil water contents, the WDPT test and volumetric water content determinations should preferably be performed in the laboratory.

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“…The implications of water repellency are widespread and include a reduction in infiltration (Wallach and Graber, ) and water retention capacity (Naasz et al ., ). This can have hydrological and geomorphological consequences (Doerr and Moody, ; Cofield et al ., ) such as enhanced runoff and erosion (Leighton‐Boyce et al ., ), subsurface preferential flow and irregular wetting patterns, which can lead to accelerated leaching of solutes (Bauters et al ., ; Doerr et al ., ; Ferreira et al ., ; Quyum et al ., ), therefore, affecting biochemical processes and soil functions (Deurer et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental characterization of the impact of temperature and humidity on the breakdown of soil water repellency in sandy soils and composts

Whelan

Kechavarzi

Coulon

et al. 2014

Hydrological Processes

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Soil water repellency is a widespread phenomenon with the capacity to alter hydrological and geomorphological processes. Water repellency decays with time, and the consequences are only of concern during the timescale at which the water repellency persists. This study aimed to characterize the influence of temperature and humidity on the breakdown of water repellency. Apparent contact angle measurements were carried out on samples consisting of sand treated with stearic acid as well as naturally repellent dune sands and composts. Temperature and humidity were controlled using a cooled incubator and a purpose designed enclosed box in which humidity could be raised or lowered. Results showed the contact angle of the stearic‐acid‐treated sands decayed with time and that there was a significant increase with stearic acid concentration. For all samples, the decay in apparent contact angle could be described with a continuous breakdown model. The stearic‐acid‐treated sands showed a significant increase in contact angle with relative humidity at a temperature of 10 and 20 °C. These differences diminished with increasing temperature. Similar results were seen for the dune sands and composts. Despite the influence of temperature and humidity on contact angles, there was no significant change in the rate at which the contact angle decayed in any sample. Absolute humidity was found to provide a more relevant indicator than relative humidity when assessing the influence of humidity on repellency over a range of temperatures. The contact angle initially increased with absolute humidity before plateauing owing to the confounding effect of temperature. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Evaluation of hydrophobicity in PAH-contaminated soils during phytoremediation

Cited by 24 publications

References 34 publications

Differences in Pah Desorption and Sediment Organic Matter Composition Between Non-Vegetated and Recently Vegetated Fuel-Oiled Sediments

Differences in Pah Desorption and Sediment Organic Matter Composition Between Non-Vegetated and Recently Vegetated Fuel-Oiled Sediments

Methods for determining soil water repellency on field‐moist samples

Experimental characterization of the impact of temperature and humidity on the breakdown of soil water repellency in sandy soils and composts

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