Evaluation of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 among Hospitalized Children in Northwest of Iran

Abstract

Background. Acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) are the leading cause of illnesses in children. Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) and human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are among the most common etiologic agents associated with viral respiratory tract infections in children worldwide. Nevertheless, limited information is available on the spread of infections of these two viruses in northwest Iran. Objective. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the frequency of RSV and HPIV-3 and clinical features among Iranian children with confirmed respiratory infections between April 2019 and March 2020. Methods. 100 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from hospitalized patients (under 5 years old) with ARTI from Tabriz Children’s Hospital. Detection of respiratory viruses was performed using the nested RT-PCR method. Results. Respiratory syncytial virus and HPIV-3 were recognized in 18% (18/100) and 2% (2/100) of children, respectively. Ten (55.6%) of the RSV-positive samples were male, while 8 (44.4%) were female. HPIV‐3 was found only among 2 male patients (100%). Most patients (61.1%) with RSV infection were less than 12 months old. Additionally, samples that were positive for HPIV-3 were less than 12 months old. RSV infections had occurred mainly during the winter season. Conclusions. This study confirms that RSV can be one of the important respiratory pathogens in children in northwestern Iran. However, according to this study, HPIV-3 has a lower prevalence among children in this area than RSV. Therefore, implementing a routine diagnosis for respiratory pathogens can improve the management of respiratory infections in children.

A delayed resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) during the COVID‐19 pandemic: An unpredictable outbreak in a small proportion of children in the Southwest of Iran, April 2022

“…In a systematic review from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, male infants within the first year of life were shown to be more susceptible to developing RSV infection. 30 In agreement with the results of this study, and consistent with similar findings reported from Iran, 3 , 31 here, we showed a possible preference for children to become infected with RSV and develop the symptoms of the disease during the age of infancy.…”

Comparative Study of Influenza Virus and Parainfluenza 3 Virus as Causative Agents of Upper Respiratory System in Thi-Qar Province

“…Years) and (64-70 Years), and the lowest one was (0%) at age group of (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28) . which is in accordance with the studies reported from Iran In this study , Where they found most of those infected with the H1N1 virus were than less than 7 years , 64-70 Years .…”

“…Influenza is contagious in people of all ages and is difficult to be assessed precisely since numerous, if not the majority, of those afflicted, do not require medical attention, and therefore, are not diagnosed (Aufi et al, 2021) .The results of present study revealed there are significant differences between the age groups and the percentage of HPIV3 positive patients with highest value was (2.70%) at both age group of (57-63 Years) and (64-70 Years). the lowest one was (0%) at age group of (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). I agree with who demonstrated that HPIV-3 seropositivity increase with age (Sale et al, 2010) .…”

“…Also , In Iran , The influenza A/H1N1 virus caused pandemic flu in 2009 and is stillccirculating during the winter season in many countries (Mohebbi et al, 2019). HPIV-3-positive samples were found in the spring (Ramezannia et al, 2021) . In the USA, HPIV-3 causes yearly spring and summer epidemics (Section et al, 2008) .…”

Virus respiratorios. Principales vías de transmisión entre humanos y grado de infectividad

“…La alta tasa de infección sugiere una diseminación rápida. Puede causar enfermedad grave en lactantes como lo hace el VSR, pero esa gravedad disminuye a partir de los 3 años (Ramezannia et al, 2021). Es poco frecuente una enfermedad tan grave que requiera internación hospitalaria (Branche y Falsey, 2016).…”