Evaluation of hematological and biochemical profiles in dairy cows with left displacement of the abomasum

Abstract

For the present study, 25 Holstein and crossbreed, 3 to 7-year-old cows diagnosed with left displacement of the abomasum and 15 healthy cattle as control groups over a period of 2 years were used. LDA diagnosis was based on clinical examinations (high-pitched bell-like sounds) and confirmed by laparoscopy. Two blood samples were collected from each case through the jugular vein including one tube containing EDTA for hematological parameters analysis and one tube without anticoagulant for biochemical analysis. Hematological parameters including Ca, P, Mg, Cl, AST, urea, and glucose concentrations were measured by routine procedures. Serum was determined by use of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and Na and K values were obtained using a flame photometer. The results of this study showed that Hb, percentage of PCV, total leukocytic, neutrophils, total protein count plus AST, urea, and glucose concentrations were significantly increased in the LDA cases compared to the control group, whereas a marked decrease in plasma electrolyte concentrations (hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia, and hypocalcemia) was found in 88–92% of LDA cases. In conclusion, in the present study, it was shown that DA causes alterations in the clinical, hematological, and biochemical profiles and these alterations can be more severe when DA is concurrent with other diseases.

New Insights on Left Displaced Abomasum in Dairy Cows

“…Hematological parameters showed a significant increase in the PCV, MCH, MCHC and hemoglobin concentration which comes in concern with those obtained by El-Gharibe et al (1996), ElAttar et al (2007) and El-Deen and Abouelnasr (2014), these changes was attributed to dehydration and hemoconcentration that resulted from fluid trapping in displaced organ and blockage of the transport of fluid into the duodenum Mokhber Dezfouli et al (2013).…”

“…Moreover, on simultaneous percussion and auscultation of the left flank, particularly in the upper third of the abdomen, a high-pitched resonant ping was audible between ribs 9 and 11 in cases with LDA Mokhber Dezfouli et al (2013). With rectal examination, the rumen was displaced medially than normal in LDA.…”

“…Also, the significant reduction of sodium electrolyte in displaced cases may result from the metabolic acid-base imbalance due to the duodeno-abomasal reflux and endotoxemia Seeh 1996 andOhtsuka et al 1997). Sodium is decreased in cows when sodium is shed via the kidney to compensate early-stage alkalosis Mokhber Dezfouli et al (2013).…”

“…Metabolic alkalosis is accompanied by an accumulation of bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid owing to sequestration of abomasal juice or potassium depletion so that hydrogen ions move intracellular to replace the lost potassium Rohn et al (2004). Metabolic alkalosis with hypochloremia and hypokalemia associated with abomasal displacement could be attributed to abomasal atony, continued secretion of hydrochloric acid into the abomasum, and impairment of flow into the duodenum Mokhber Dezfouli et al (2013).…”

“…Dehydration and hypovolemia with the subsequent decreased renal blood flow of abomasal displaced cows causing blood urea and creatinine significantly increased El-Attar et al (2007). Hypovolemia and hemoconcentration appeared to be likely due to blockage of fluid transport from the abomasum into the duodenum Mokhber Dezfouli et al (2013).…”