Evaluation of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Properties of Pesticides Employed in Italian Agricultural Practices

Marco, A. De; Salvia, R. De; Polani, Stefania; Ricordy, R.; Sorrenti, F; Perticone, Paolo; Cozzi, Renata; D'Ambrosio, C.; Simone, Claudio De; Guidotti, Maurizio; Albanesi, Tiziana; Duranti, Guglielmo; Festa, Fabiola; Gensabella, G.; Owczarek, Malgorzata

doi:10.1006/enrs.2000.4057

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Lebailly et al (1998) also found an increased DNA damage in 29 Italian farmers who were occupationally exposed to pesticides. To date, a few authors have also used the comet assay to measure in vitro pesticide-induced DNA damage Ribas et al 1995;Lebailly et al 1997;Scassellati et al 1997;Speit et al 1998;De Marco et al 2000). The DNA-damaging activity has seemed to depend on the chemical and the cell type studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Assessment of DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixtures by the alkaline comet assay

Ündeğer

Başaran

2002

Archives of Toxicology

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The potential genetic hazard of pesticides to human beings is of great concern in occupational and environmental settings because of the widespread use of these chemicals for domestic and industrial applications. Various studies have revealed a significantly elevated risk for particular tumours in humans exposed to some pesticides. Results from the biological monitoring or cytogenetic methods for the detection of health risks to pesticides have given both positive and negative results of mutagenicity. In this study DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of 33 pesticide-exposed workers employed in the municipality of Ankara (Turkey) for at least 1 year was examined by alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis, the 'comet' technique. Results were compared with those from 33 controls of comparable age, sex and smoking habits, which were not occupationally exposed to pesticides. Work characteristics of the exposed workers and the use of personnel protective measures were also investigated. The DNA damage observed in lymphocytes of the workers was significantly higher than that in the controls ( P<0.001). The observed DNA damage was found to be significantly lower ( P<0.001) in workers applying some of the necessary individual safety protections during their work. Cigarette smoking was not related to increases in DNA damage; also, no significant association was found between the duration of occupational exposure to pesticides and the degree of DNA damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Assessment of DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixtures by the alkaline comet assay

Ündeğer

Başaran

2002

Archives of Toxicology

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“…The insecticide lindane increases the number of MN up to fivefold in MCF-7 breast and PC-3 prostate cells 24 h post-treatment (Kalantzi et al, 2004), while four commercial pesticides used in Italian agriculture induce genotoxic damage only if used in high toxic doses. These were Citroxin (CX), Decis (DS), Tramat Combi (TC), and Lasso Micromix (LM), containing following agents – Alachlor (in LM), Clopyralid (in CX), Ethofumesate and Lenacil (in TC), and Deltamethrin (in DS; De Marco et al, 2000). In a series of studies, Dorn et al, 2008a,b, evaluated clastogenic and aneugenic effects of various anabolic steroids misused by athletes in sports.…”

Section: Micronuclei and Genotoxic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronuclei in genotoxicity assessment: from genetics to epigenetics and beyond

Luzhna¹,

Kathiria²,

Kovalchuk³

2013

Front. Genet.

349

203

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Micronuclei (MN) are extra-nuclear bodies that contain damaged chromosome fragments and/or whole chromosomes that were not incorporated into the nucleus after cell division. MN can be induced by defects in the cell repair machinery and accumulation of DNA damages and chromosomal aberrations. A variety of genotoxic agents may induce MN formation leading to cell death, genomic instability, or cancer development. In this review, the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of MN formation after various clastogenic and aneugenic effects on cell division and cell cycle are described. The knowledge accumulated in literature on cytotoxicity of various genotoxins is precisely reflected and individual sensitivity to MN formation due to single gene polymorphisms is discussed. The importance of rapid MN scoring with respect to the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay is also evaluated.

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“…DICA (X ± SD) DIRA (X ± SD) farming practice with agents in which one or more active principles have been found to be genotoxic and cytotoxic to various systems (De Marco et al, 2000). Genotoxic monitoring in the farming population could be a useful tool to estimate genetic risk from exposure to complex pesticide mixtures over extended lengths of time.…”

Section: Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixtures

Simoniello¹,

Kleinsorge²,

Scagnetti³

et al. 2008

J of Applied Toxicology

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Pesticides are used in agriculture to protect crops but represent at the same time a potential risk to farmers and environment. The aim of this work is the evaluation of 54 subjects occupationally exposed to pesticides and 30 subjects as a control group using the quantification of DNA damage level by means of the alkaline Comet assay and the evaluation of repair processes. Damage index Comet assay (DICA) and damage index repair assay (DIRA) were studied in 27 pesticide applicator workers, 27 non-pesticide applicators and controls. Our results show that both exposed groups revealed significant increase in DICA when compared with controls (P < 0.0001), as well as in DIRA (P < 0.0001). However, the spraying group exhibited a marginally significant difference in DICA (P = 0.05) when years of exposure are considered and a significant difference (P < 0.05) when the personal protective equipment used by individuals was taken as a comparison factor. The influence of confounding factors on the genotoxic effects of occupational exposure to pesticides was investigated and no significant differences were observed considering age, gender, smoking and alcohol consumption in relation to DICA and DIRA. Since DNA damage is an important step in events leading from carcinogen exposure to cancer disease, our study highlights the potential health risk associated with agrochemical exposure in developing countries with vast cultivated areas, such as Argentina.

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Evaluation of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Properties of Pesticides Employed in Italian Agricultural Practices

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Assessment of DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixtures by the alkaline comet assay

Assessment of DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixtures by the alkaline comet assay

Micronuclei in genotoxicity assessment: from genetics to epigenetics and beyond

DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixtures

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