Evaluation of frost resistance in varieties of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Kalinová, Jana; Moudrý, Jan

doi:10.17221/4145-pse

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Both of these species were slow growing throughout the relatively cool and dry early growing season in 2009 (Table 3), and buckwheat was moderately susceptible to early frost. Buckwheat is often used as a summer cover crop or later planted main crop due to its susceptibility to frost, especially during seedling growth (Kalinova and Moudry, 2003); thus, buckwheat may not be a suitable species for use as a spring‐sown cover crop in the western Corn Belt. Given these results, buckwheat was replaced in all mixtures with Idagold mustard in 2010 and 2011.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Cover Crop Benefits with Diverse Mixtures and an Alternative Termination Method

et al. 2012

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Previous studies have demonstrated benefi ts of individual cover crop species, but the value of diverse cover crop mixtures has received less attention. Th e objectives of this research were to determine the eff ects of spring-sown cover crop mixture diversity and mechanical cover crop termination method on cover crop and/or cash crop productivity, soil moisture and N, and profi tability in an organic cropping system. An experiment was conducted between 2009 and 2011 near Mead, NE, where mixtures of two (2CC), four (4CC), six (6CC), and eight (8CC) cover crop species, or a summer annual weed mixture were included in a sunfl owersoybean-corn rotation. Cover crops were terminated in late May using a fi eld disk or sweep plow undercutter. Undercutting cover crops increased soil NO 3 -N (0-20 cm) by 1.0 and 1.8 mg NO 3 -N kg -1 relative to disk incorporation in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Cover crop mixtures oft en reduced soil moisture (0-8 cm) before main crop planting, though cover crop termination with the undercutter increased soil moisture content by as much as 0.024 cm 3 cm -3 compared to termination with the disk during early main crop growth. Crop yields were not infl uenced by cover crop mixture, but termination with the undercutter increased corn and soybean yield by as much as 1.40 and 0.88 Mg ha -1 , respectively. Despite diff erences in productivity between spring cover crop mixtures and weed communities, crop yield was not diff erent among these treatments; thus, profi tability of the weed mixture-undercutter treatment combination was greatest due to reduced input costs. ).Abbreviations: CC, cover crop mixture; DAT, days aft er termination; DOY, day of year; NC, weed-free and cover crop-free control; WD, weedy mixture and cover crop-free.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Cover Crop Benefits with Diverse Mixtures and an Alternative Termination Method

et al. 2012

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“…While low temperature (below 10 °C) generally delays or inhibits the flowering (Bjorkman 2000), high temperature (above 30 °C) is reported to cause abortion of ovule and embryo sac malformation (Gang and Yu 1998). It has been observed that exposure of buckwheat plant to frost conditions for 4 to 6 h to temperatures between − 1 and − 3 °C during emergence and at the end of growing season generally ceases the growth and leads to heavy yield losses (Kalinova and Moudry 2003). If conditions are favorable, seedling emerges 4-5 days after sowing and plants show profuse vegetative growth from 3rd to 6th week.…”

Section: Growth Development and Agronomic Attributesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the versatile buckwheat: reinvigorating genetic gains through integrated breeding and genomics approach

Joshi

Chaudhari

Sood

et al. 2019

Planta

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Main conclusion Emerging insights in buckwheat molecular genetics allow the integration of genomics driven breeding to revive this ancient crop of immense nutraceutical potential from Asia.Out of several thousand known edible plant species, only four crops-rice, wheat, maize and potato provide the largest proportion of daily nutrition to billions of people. While these crops are the primary supplier of carbohydrates, they lack essential amino acids and minerals for a balanced nutrition. The overdependence on only few crops makes the future cropping systems vulnerable to the predicted climate change. Diversifying food resources through incorporation of orphan or minor crops in modern cropping systems is one potential strategy to improve the nutritional security and mitigate the hostile weather patterns. One such crop is buckwheat, which can contribute to the agricultural sustainability as it grows in a wide range of environments, requires relatively low inputs and possess balanced amino acid and micronutrient profiles. Additionally, gluten-free nature of protein and nutraceutical properties of secondary metabolites make the crop a healthy alternative of wheat-based diet in developed countries. Despite enormous potential, efforts for the genetic improvement of buckwheat are considerably lagged behind the conventional cereal crops. With the draft genome sequences in hand, there is a great scope to speed up the progress of genetic improvement of buckwheat. This article outlines the state of the art in buckwheat research and provides concrete perspectives how modern breeding approaches can be implemented to accelerate the genetic gain. Our suggestions are transferable to many minor and underutilized crops to address the issue of limited genetic gain and low productivity.

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“…Many of the floral resources investigated, such as white rocket, were not "conventional" in that some may be more suitable in areas of low water availability (Qasem, 2007;Schleser et al, 1989). As with parasitoids in many other studies (Araj & Wratten, 2015;Araj, Wratten, Lister, & Buckley, 2006;Araj et al, 2008;Tylanakis et al, 2004;Wade & Wratten, 2007) prefers a temperate climate (Joshi & Paroda, 1991;Siracusa, Gresta, Sperlinga, & Ruberto, 2017), has a short flowering season (Sattell, Dick, Karow, & McGrath, 1998) and is susceptible to frost (Kalinova & Moudry, 2003). Therefore, it may be more suitable to use more robust species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with parasitoids in many other studies (Araj & Wratten, ; Araj, Wratten, Lister, & Buckley, ; Araj et al., ; Tylanakis et al., ; Wade & Wratten, ), buckwheat substantially increased A. colemani longevity, potential fecundity and parasitism of the target pest compared to the other floral resources evaluated. However, buckwheat prefers a temperate climate (Joshi & Paroda, ; Siracusa, Gresta, Sperlinga, & Ruberto, ), has a short flowering season (Sattell, Dick, Karow, & McGrath, ) and is susceptible to frost (Kalinova & Moudry, ). Therefore, it may be more suitable to use more robust species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Rayl, Shields, Tiwari, & Wratten, 2018). However, these highly effective floral resources (see, for example, Araj, Wratten, Lister, Buckley, & Ghabeish, 2011;Berndt & Wratten, 2005;Brennan, 2016;Irvin et al, 2014;Johanowics & Mitchell, 2000;Lavandero, Wratten, Shishehbor, & Worner, 2005;Sigsgaard et al, 2013;Tylanakis, Didham, & Wratten, 2004) are not always universally suitable, due to environmental stress (Bilal, Malik, Tahir, & Rehman, 2013;Gilman & Howe, 1999;Kalinova & Moudry, 2003), flower morphology (Baggen, Gurr, & Meats, 1999) and phenology (Hagvar, Trandem, & Hofsvang, 2000). Therefore, other easily available flowering plants need to be evaluated to replace or be deployed in conjunction with BAP when necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Floral resources to enhance the potential of the parasitoid Aphidius colemani for biological control of the aphid Myzus persicae

Jado

Araj

Abu‐Irmaileh

et al. 2018

J Applied Entomology

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Flowering plants have been widely used to enhance biological control. However, this approach has been limited to some extent by the lack of suitable flowering plant species of wide applicability, particularly for global pests. A key example is the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (GPA). It is commonly attacked by the polyphagous koinobiont aphidiidae, Aphidius colemani, which is also of global occurrence. Here, eight flowering plants were evaluated for the potential enhancement of GPA biological control using A. colemani under laboratory conditions. These included buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), alyssum (Lobularia maritima), white rocket (Diplotaxis erucoides.), wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), wild marjoram (Origanum vulgare), thyme (Origanum marjorana) and pepper mint (Mentha piperita). The effects of access to these flowers on the longevity (days), potential fecundity (number of dissected eggs) and parasitism rate for A. colemani compared with the control treatment (water) were studied. Longevity of A. colemani which had access to buckwheat was 4–5 times longer than the control and 2–3 times longer than it was in the other plant treatments; the latter did not differ significantly between each other. Potential fecundity of A. colemani was the highest when it had been provided with buckwheat flowers. Exposing A. colemani to flowering plants for longer time intervals (12 hr and 24 hr) increased the number of eggs produced compared with 6 hr. The number of parasitized aphids/female A. colemani with buckwheat flowers was the highest of all treatments; it ranged from 14 in the control to 219 with buckwheat. Further studies should be carried out under field conditions to determine the effect of a range of flowering plants on A. colemani. For example, although buckwheat was highly effective, in many climates it may be a useful component in mixtures comprising other, more robust species.

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Evaluation of frost resistance in varieties of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Optimizing Cover Crop Benefits with Diverse Mixtures and an Alternative Termination Method

Optimizing Cover Crop Benefits with Diverse Mixtures and an Alternative Termination Method

Revisiting the versatile buckwheat: reinvigorating genetic gains through integrated breeding and genomics approach

Floral resources to enhance the potential of the parasitoid Aphidius colemani for biological control of the aphid Myzus persicae

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