Evaluation of Female Infertility Factors Through Diagnostic Laparoscopy: a Cross Sectional Study

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the factors behind primary and secondary infertility in females through diagnostic laparoscopy. Study design: Cross sectional study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Bilawal Medical College Kotri Hospital/Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, Pakistan from June 2019 to July 2020 Methodology: The present study is a cross sectional study conducted at at Bilawal Medical College Kotri Hospital/Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro, Pakistan from June 2019 to July 2020. A total of 115 females were included in the study and they all underwent diagnostic laparoscopy after setting strict inclusion criteria. Data was recorded on proforma and analyzed on IBM SPSS version 22. Primary and secondary infertility frequency was calculated and analyzed. Result: A total of 115 infertile women were considered in the study and results were recorded after performing diagnostic laparoscopy on all of the participants. Total 74 (64.35%) had primary infertility and 41 (35.65%) reported secondary infertility. Total 19 (25.67%) participants of primary infertility and 5 (12.19%) participants with secondary infertility showed no abnormality. The most common abnormality found was tubal blockage in 17 (22.97%) women of primary infertility and 13 (31.70%) women of secondary infertility. Total 11 (14.86%) patients of primary infertility were diagnosed with polycystic ovaries (PCO). PCO was absent in patients with secondary infertility. Total 9 (12.16%) cases of primary infertility and 5 (12.19%) cases of secondary infertility were diagnosed with Endometriosis. Total 2 (2.7%) cases of primary infertility and 7 (17.07%) participants with secondary infertility presented with Pelvic Inflammatory disease (PID). A total of 6 (8.10%) cases having primary infertility were observed with periovarian adhesions and Peritubal adhesions, whereas, 9 (21.95%) cases of secondary infertility were seen with these issues. Conclusion: Tubal occlusion, periovarian adhesions, peritubular adhesions, and endometriosis were the most common factors behind infertility in both primary and secondary infertility. Ovarian cyst and polycystic ovarian disease were only present in patients with primary infertility. Keywords: Diagnostic Laparoscopy, Primary infertility tubal occlusion, Secondary infertility