Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals

Choe, Suck-Young; Kim, Sojung; Kim, Hae-Gyoung; Lee, Ji Ho; Choi, Yu-Sung; Lee, Hun; Kim, Yangho

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(03)00190-6

Cited by 220 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The particular sensitivity of the testis to cadmium exposure may be related to the testis being a highly proliferative and acutely hormone-dependent organ. Recent evidence concerning the direct and indirect impairment, at low cadmium doses, of steroidogenic activities, with the subsequent induction of germ cell apoptosis (Ozawa et al 2002;Gupta et al 2004) are consistent with its endocrine disruptive actions in other tissues (Choe et al 2003;Vetillard and Bailhache 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Stage-dependency of apoptosis and the blood-testis barrier in the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias): cadmium-induced changes as assessed by vital fluorescence techniques

McClusky

2006

Cell Tissue Res

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Naturally occurring heavy metals and synthetic compounds are potentially harmful for testicular function but evidence linking heavy metal exposure to reduced semen parameters is inconclusive. Elucidation of the exact stage at which the toxicant interferes with spermatogenesis is difficult because the various germ cell stages may have different sensitivities to any given toxicant, germ cell development is influenced by supporting testicular somatic cells and the presence of inter-Sertoli cell tight junctions create a blood-testis barrier, sequestering meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells in a special microenvironment. Sharks such as Squalus acanthias provide a suitable model for studying aspects of vertebrate spermatogenosis because of their unique features: spermatogenesis takes place within spermatocysts and relies mainly on Sertoli cells for somatic cell support; spermatocysts are linearly arranged in a maturational order across the diameter of the elongated testis; spermatocysts containing germ cells at different stages of development are topographically separated, resulting in visible zonation in testicular cross sections. We have used the vital dye acridine orange and a novel fluorescence staining technique to study this model to determine (1) the efficacy of these methods in assays of apoptosis and blood-testis barrier function, (2) the sensitivity of the various spermatogonial generations in Squalus to cadmium (as an illustrative spermatotoxicant) and (3) the way that cadmium might affect more mature spermatogenic stages and other physiological processes in the testis. Our results show that cadmium targets early spermatogenic stages, where it specifically activates a cell death program in susceptible (mature) spermatogonial clones, and negatively affects blood-testis barrier function. Since other parameters are relatively unaffected by cadmium, the effects of this toxicant on apoptosis are presumably process-specific and not attributable to general toxicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Stage-dependency of apoptosis and the blood-testis barrier in the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias): cadmium-induced changes as assessed by vital fluorescence techniques

McClusky

2006

Cell Tissue Res

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“…However, the estrogenicity reported in this study might also arise from unexpected compounds: Shotyk et al (2006) found antimony in up to 30 times higher concentrations in mineral water from PET compared to glass bottles and confirmed its leaching from PET (Shotyk and Krachler 2007), in whose manufacturing antimony trioxide is used as catalyst. The maximum concentrations detected in mineral water (1-2 µg/l) have been shown to exhibit estrogenic activity in vitro (Choe et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine disruptors in bottled mineral water: total estrogenic burden and migration from plastic bottles

Wagner

Oehlmann

2009

Environ Sci Pollut Res

277

173

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Background, aim, and scope Food consumption is an important route of human exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. So far, this has been demonstrated by exposure modeling or analytical identification of single substances in foodstuff (e.g., phthalates) and human body fluids (e.g., urine and blood). Since the research in this field is focused on few chemicals (and thus missing mixture effects), the overall contamination of edibles with xenohormones is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the integrated estrogenic burden of bottled mineral water as model foodstuff and to characterize the potential sources of the estrogenic contamination. Materials, methods, and results In the present study, we analyzed commercially available mineral water in an in vitro system with the human estrogen receptor alpha and detected estrogenic contamination in 60% of all samples with a maximum activity equivalent to 75.2 ng/l of the natural sex hormone 17β-estradiol. Furthermore, breeding of the molluskan model Potamopyrgus antipodarum in water bottles made of glass and plastic [polyethylene terephthalate (PET)] resulted in an increased reproductive output of snails cultured in PET bottles. This provides first evidence that substances leaching from plastic food packaging materials act as functional estrogens in vivo.Discussion and conclusions Our results demonstrate a widespread contamination of mineral water with xenoestrogens that partly originates from compounds leaching from the plastic packaging material. These substances possess potent estrogenic activity in vivo in a molluskan sentinel. Overall, the results indicate that a broader range of foodstuff may be contaminated with endocrine disruptors when packed in plastics.

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“…There is evidence that Cd may have estrogenicity [8,12,13]. According to some authors the bivalent metal cations Cd belongs to a new class of potent environmental estrogens, referred to as metalloestrogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadmium concentration in biological media of breast cancer patients

Strumylaitė

Boguševičius

Abdrachmanovas

et al. 2010

Breast Cancer Res Treat

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The study aimed to determine and compare cadmium (Cd) concentration in different biological media of breast cancer and benign breast tumor patients. Methods Concentration of Cd was determined in breast tissue, urine and blood of 57 breast cancer and 51 benign tumor patients. Two samples of breast tissue from each patient, i.e. tumor and healthy tissue were taken for the analysis. Cd in biological media was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (Perkin-Elmer, Zeeman 3030). Results The mean Cd concentration in breast cancer patients was 0.053 µg/g (95% CI=0.042-0.065) for tumor sample and 0.02 µg/g (95% CI=0.014-0.026) for healthy breast tissue sample (p<0.001). In benign tumor patients the figures were following: 0.037 µg/g (95% CI=0.023-0.051) and 0.032 µg/g (95% CI=0.018-0.047) (p>0.05). Cd content in malignant tumor significantly differed from that in benign tumor (p<0.01). Cancer patients with positive estrogenreceptors had significantly greater concentration of breast tissue Cd compared to patients with negative estrogenreceptors (p=0.035). Adjusted for creatinine Cd in urine was significantly higher in cancer patients than in controls (p<0.001). In cancer patients a positive Spearman's correlation was found between Cd in tumor and healthy breast tissue, blood (r=0.44 and r=0.39, respectively, p<0.01). Correlation between Cd in urine of cancer patients and number of cigarettes smoked during lifetime was suggestive (r=0.59, p=0.075). Conclusion The data obtained show higher concentration of cadmium in breast tumor and urine of cancer patients and support a possible relationship between cadmium and breast cancer.

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Evaluation of estrogenicity of major heavy metals

Cited by 220 publications

References 16 publications

Stage-dependency of apoptosis and the blood-testis barrier in the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias): cadmium-induced changes as assessed by vital fluorescence techniques

Stage-dependency of apoptosis and the blood-testis barrier in the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias): cadmium-induced changes as assessed by vital fluorescence techniques

Endocrine disruptors in bottled mineral water: total estrogenic burden and migration from plastic bottles

Cadmium concentration in biological media of breast cancer patients

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