Evaluation of environmental levels of aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline service stations by gas chromatography

Periago, J.F.; Zambudio, A.; Prado, C.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(97)00390-7

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes concentrations found in the air of the gas stations in this study did not exceed the limits stipulated by NIOSH and NR-15 (Table 2) Comparing the BTEX concentration levels obtained in this study with other cities in Brazil and the world (Figure 3), the values found these compounds were generally higher those obtained in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil [18], but much smaller those obtained in Bangkok/Thailand [15], Ardabil/Iran [20] and Murcia/Spain [35]. These variations can be attributed to differences in the composition of the fuels used in other countries, and the influence of seasonal and/or weather local factors.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Btex Compounds In the Air Of Gas Stations supporting

confidence: 46%

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Assessment of BTEX Concentrations in Air Ambient of Gas Stations Using Passive Sampling and the Health Risks for Workers

Cruz¹,

Alve²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

JEP

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Gas stations are important emissions source of benzene (C 6 H 6 ), toluene (C 7 H 8 ), ethylbenzene (C 8 H 10 ), and ortho, meta and para-xylene (C 8 H 10 )-better known by the acronym BTEX. The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of BTEX compounds in the ambient air of ten gas stations in the cities of Salvador and Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil and evaluate the health risks to workers. Passive samplers diffusive of the Radiello®, containing activated carbon as adsorbent, were used. The samplers were exposed for 8 h and then the analytes were recovered by chemical desorption with CS 2 and determined by GC-FID. The BTEX concentrations found in the ambient air of gas stations ranged from 46.72 -435.43 μg·m −3 for benzene;25.54 -342.46 μg·m −3 for toluene, 7.10 -30.07 μg·m −3 for ethylbenzene, 9.36 -89.73 μg·m −3 for m, p-xylene and 9.79 -52.29 μg·m −3 for o-xylene. The concentrations of toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes found in gas stations were lower than the limits recommended by the US NIOSH and NR-15 of the Ministry of Labour of Brazil; however, it should be considered the risks due to chronic exposure of workers. Benzene concentrations in three gas stations were above the exposure limit recommended by NIOSH (3.20 × 10 2 μg·m −3). Samplings were also held outdoors at 250 m of two gas stations. The total concentrations of the BTEX compounds were equal to 24.97 and 35.51 μg·m −3

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Section: Concentrations Of Btex Compounds In the Air Of Gas Stations supporting

confidence: 46%

“…process of supply, saturated air stream with gasoline vapor is released from automobile fuel tank, and the air volume is exactly equal to the volume of gas supplied, which may have a decisive influence on air pollution in these establishments [35].…”

Section: Concentrations Of Btex Compounds In the Air Of Gas Stations mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of BTEX Concentrations in Air Ambient of Gas Stations Using Passive Sampling and the Health Risks for Workers

Cruz¹,

Alve²,

Santos³

et al. 2017

JEP

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“…These receptors spend the most time on site (potentially reflecting approximately 40 h per week, for decades) and intermittently spend time where vapors from the pump are at their highest concentrations, with benzene concentrations measuring between 30 and 230 ppb in the breathing zone [38][39][40]. Gas station patrons can also be exposed to vapors when refueling.…”

Section: Exposure and Risks To Human Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon Release During Fuel Storage and Transfer at Gas Stations: Environmental and Health Effects

Hilpert

Mora

et al. 2015

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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At gas stations, fuel is stored and transferred between tanker trucks, storage tanks, and vehicle tanks. During both storage and transfer, a small fraction of unburned fuel is typically released to the environment unless pollution prevention technology is used. While the fraction may be small, the cumulative release can be substantial because of the large quantities of fuel sold. The cumulative release of unburned fuel is a public health concern because gas stations are widely distributed in residential areas and because fuel contains toxic and carcinogenic chemicals. We review the pathways through which gasoline is chronically released to atmospheric, aqueous, and subsurface environments, and how these releases may adversely affect human health. Adoption of suitable pollution prevention technology should not only be based on equipment and maintenance cost but also on energy-and health care-saving benefits.

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“…A gasolina é um combustível de composição complexa, consistindo de uma mistura de hidrocarbonetos voláteis e inflamáveis derivados do petróleo 3 . Dentre o grupo de substâncias presentes na gasolina, encontra-se o benzeno, um hidrocarboneto aromático com concentração controlada 4 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Vigilância sanitária em postos de revenda de combustíveis: aplicação de um modelo para integrar ações e promover a saúde do trabalhador

Giardini

Poça

Silva

et al. 2017

Rev. bras. saúde ocup.

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ResumoIntrodução: o benzeno, composto encontrado na gasolina, é reconhecido como agente cancerígeno e tem sido objeto de controle em âmbito mundial devido aos seus efeitos agudos e crônicos à saúde humana. No Brasil, trabalhadores de postos de revenda de combustíveis (PRC) são expostos ao benzeno durante suas atividades ocupacionais. A Vigilância Sanitária, ao monitorar a exposição dos trabalhadores ao benzeno, pode avaliar os riscos e implementar estratégias para estabelecer um ambiente de trabalho mais seguro. Objetivo: suscitar a discussão sobre as ações da Vigilância Sanitária em postos de combustíveis baseada na aplicação do modelo Força-Motriz/Pressão/Situação/Exposição/Efeito/ Ação (FPSEEA). Método: realização de uma ampla revisão da literatura com a finalidade de obter as informações necessárias para construção e desenvolvimento da matriz proposta no modelo. Discussão: foi possível identificar as deficiências existentes nos diferentes níveis institucionais que possuem suas ações voltadas à proteção da saúde do trabalhador e propor ações para avançar na reflexão sobre o modelo de desenvolvimento, modos de produção e exploração de recursos. Também foram identificadas as possíveis ações da Vigilância Sanitária a serem aplicadas no ambiente ocupacional de PRC para eliminação ou redução dos riscos à saúde aos quais os trabalhadores estão expostos. Palavras-chave: vigilância sanitária; benzeno; postos de combustíveis. Abstract

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Evaluation of environmental levels of aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline service stations by gas chromatography

Cited by 45 publications

References 6 publications

Assessment of BTEX Concentrations in Air Ambient of Gas Stations Using Passive Sampling and the Health Risks for Workers

Assessment of BTEX Concentrations in Air Ambient of Gas Stations Using Passive Sampling and the Health Risks for Workers

Hydrocarbon Release During Fuel Storage and Transfer at Gas Stations: Environmental and Health Effects

Vigilância sanitária em postos de revenda de combustíveis: aplicação de um modelo para integrar ações e promover a saúde do trabalhador

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