Evaluation of entrainment velocity induced by wind stress in a two-layer system

Maruya, Yasuyuki; Nakayama, Keisuke; Shintani, Tetsuya; Yonemoto, Mitsuaki

doi:10.3178/hrl.4.70

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We first carried out laboratory experiments with the maximum internal wave amplitude using PIV technique under linear and strongly nonlinear conditions. Second, a numerical model [ Maruya et al , 2010] was compared to laboratory experimental results and used to provide a set of data under intermediate conditions between the linear and strongly nonlinear cases as well as the cases of different bottom slopes. Finally, these results were discussed with KdV theorem to understand the mechanism of breaking and residual current formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual currents over a uniform slope due to breaking of internal waves in a two‐layer system

et al. 2012

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[1] Residual currents due to internal wave breaking on a uniform slope were investigated in a two-layer system using laboratory experiments and numerical computations for different layer configurations. Internal wave-induced currents over a slope were measured in an experimental tank using PIV and also reproduced by a hydrodynamic model to quantify the detailed velocity field. The present results reveal that the critical level derived from the KdV theorem is a useful parameter for classifying the dynamics of internal waves breaking over a slope. As the horizontal distance from the critical level point to the internal wave breaking point increases, internal waves break more dynamically over the slope. Consequently, residual currents are enhanced near the breaking point. These findings increase our capacity to understand flux paths of biological and chemical substances in the stratified coastal ocean.Citation: Nakayama, K., T. Shintani, K. Kokubo, T. Kakinuma, Y. Maruya, K. Komai, and T. Okada (2012), Residual currents over a uniform slope due to breaking of internal waves in a two-layer system,

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual currents over a uniform slope due to breaking of internal waves in a two‐layer system

et al. 2012

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“…The validity of Fantom3D in the Kushiro Wetland was investigated by comparison to field observations (Nakamoto et al, 2011(Nakamoto et al, , 2012. Also, the validity of Fantom3D was confirmed in the application to stratified flow field (Maruya et al, 2010;Shintani and Nakayama, 2010;Nakayama et al, 2012). It should be noted that salt wedge intrusion was observed in field observations to reach the river mouth only in 2009 (Nakamoto et al, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Fantom3D is an objectoriented hydrodynamic model for the analysis of environmental fluid mechanics (Maruya et al, 2010;Shintani and Nakayama, 2010;Nakayama et al, 2012). The computational scheme is similar to Nakayama et al (2006), where attention was given to analysis of the stratified flow field.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A three-dimensional numerical model, Fantom3D, was applied to evaluate salt wedge intrusion when SLR occurs (Maruya et al, 2010;Shintani and Nakayama, 2010;Nakayama et al, 2012). Fantom3D is an object-oriented hydrodynamic simulator that through the use of parallel computing is able to clarify the potential for salt wedge intrusion along the Kushiro River due to SLR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptive management in Kushiro Wetland in the context of salt wedge intrusion due to sea level rise

Nakamoto

Nakayama

Shintani

et al. 2013

Hydrological Research Letters

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Abstract:Climate change has been revealed to increase the occurrence of natural disasters and to damage ecological systems. In coastal regions, there are many environmentally significant areas from the viewpoint of biodiversity, such as areas registered under the Ramsar Convention. The Kushiro Wetland is the largest wetland and one of the most significant natural systems in Japan, remaining mostly unaffected by human activity. In the wetland, there are many species, which do not tolerate saltwater. When the sea level rises, the communities of freshwater plants and fish may die out due to the extension of salt wedge intrusion along the Kushiro River. Therefore, in this study we make an attempt to understand the impact of sea level rise on the ecological system of the wetland by using a three-dimensional numerical model, which allows us to evaluate the effect of sea level rise on salt wedge intrusion. It is revealed that the National Park area may be affected by salt water when sea level rise reaches about 0.15 m. Also, the maximum sea level rise may induce saltwater intrusion into the Ramsar area. As a result, we proposed an adaptive management strategy for protecting the ecological system of the wetland from salt wedge intrusion.

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“…A three‐dimensional nonhydrostatic model, FANTOM3D, was used to clarify the role of negative wind curl on the occurrence of the depression of the isopycnals due to Ekman transport [ Maruya et al ., ; Nakayama et al ., ; Nakamoto et al ., ] and the associated anticyclonic horizontal circulation. FANTOM3D is an object‐oriented programming model for the analysis of environmental fluid mechanics.…”

Section: Numerical Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal and residual circulations driven by wind stress curl in Tokyo Bay

Nakayama

Shintani

Shimizu

et al. 2014

J. Geophys. Res. Oceans

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This study investigates the horizontal and residual circulations in Tokyo Bay using field observations, numerical simulations, and theoretical analysis. Numerical simulations show that the observed deepening of isopycnals and associated anticyclonic horizontal circulation in the bay head are mainly driven by negative wind stress curl. The effects of river discharge, surface heat fluxes, and tides are found to be small. Under strong wind events, the wind stress curl over the bay head can be large enough to make the surface Ekman layer strongly nonlinear. Theoretical and numerical analyses show that, under large negative wind stress curl, the nonlinearity tends to induce positive pumping velocity (at the base of the surface mixed layer) that counteracts the Ekman pumping; however, the typical duration of wind events in the bay head is not long enough to induce positive pumping under negative wind stress curl. These results and historical wind data suggest that the average horizontal circulation and residual circulation immediately below the surface mixed layer in Tokyo Bay are, respectively, cyclonic and convergent in summer but anticyclonic and divergent in winter.

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Evaluation of entrainment velocity induced by wind stress in a two-layer system

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Residual currents over a uniform slope due to breaking of internal waves in a two‐layer system

Residual currents over a uniform slope due to breaking of internal waves in a two‐layer system

Adaptive management in Kushiro Wetland in the context of salt wedge intrusion due to sea level rise

Horizontal and residual circulations driven by wind stress curl in Tokyo Bay

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