Evaluation of driver lower extremity injuries in 16 oblique crashes with THOR

Zhang, Ruifeng; Reichert, Rudolf; Kan, Steve; Cao, Liqun

doi:10.1080/13588265.2015.1120983

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The damage pattern of the vehicle for the impact against the Alpina F1-50 showed intrusions into the passenger compartment. Thus, injuries to the lower extremities can be expected in real accidents [53][54][55]. No intrusions in the test with the Alpina <prototype> were observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Different Safety Measures at Tunnel Lay-Bys and Portals to Protect Occupants in Passenger Cars

et al. 2021

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Tunnel portals and tunnel lay-bys are hazardous spots for road users. Different infrastructure safety measures are in use, but the protection level is not known. In this study the following safety measures for reducing the injury risk are investigated: angular positioned 4 m and 8 m concrete barrier, crash cushion Alpina F1-50 and Alpina <prototype> crash cushion. A passenger car equipped with a data acquisition unit is accelerated to 100 km/h and impacts the safety measure. The assessment of the latter is based on the EN 1317 criteria, specifically the Acceleration Severity Index (ASI), Theoretical Head Impact Velocity (THIV). Further assessment criteria are related to intrusions into the passenger compartment and post-crash motion. The best result in terms of ASI and THIV was achieved by the 8 m (ASI: 1.6, THIV: 30 km/h) concrete barrier. The crash cushion Alpina <prototype> showed good results for the ASI (1.8) but the THIV (57 km/h) was less satisfactory, while the angular positioned 4 m concrete barrier (ASI: 2.9, THIV: 53 km/h) and the crash cushion Alpina F1-50 (ASI: 3.3, THIV: 74 km/h) performed worst. Even though some of the measures showed good results, no protection measure tested currently complies with all the assessment criteria used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Different Safety Measures at Tunnel Lay-Bys and Portals to Protect Occupants in Passenger Cars

et al. 2021

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“…One is installed on the side a of the instrument panel, facing the rear of the vehicle, and will be deployed directly in front of the passengers’ legs in case of ignition explosion, which is called rear-mounted knee airbag (RKAB), the other is installed under the instrument panel, which will be deployed downward first, and then deployed upward along the instrument panel, which is called bottom-mounted knee airbag (BKAB). 2–4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injury effects of knee airbags on Chinese human dummy

Huang

Liu

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Two kinds of knee airbags and dummy crash simulation models are established, and the accuracy of the models is verified by comparing the knee module impact test data and CAE simulation data. A knee airbag and dummy crash simulation system is established, and the frontal collision finite element simulation of the Chinese 50th percentile dummy is carried out under the three conditions of no knee airbag, bottom-mounted knee airbag, and rear-mounted knee airbag. According to the regulations of China-New Car Assessment Program (CNCAP), the injury data of major body parts such as the head, chest, femur, and legs are compared and analyzed, and the differences in damage to the dummy caused by the bottom-mounted knee airbag, the non-knee airbag and the rear-mounted knee airbag are focused on. Conclusion: Compared with the HIII dummy with knee airbag, the chest compression and tibia compression force of the Chinese dummy with knee airbag are larger, and the compression force of femur is smaller; compared with the condition without knee airbag, the value of head acceleration, tibial index, chest deformation, etc of Chinese dummy can be reduced with knee airbag, but the tibial axial force and knee side displacement have increased; compared with the condition of the rear-mounted knee airbag, the bottom-mounted knee airbag has better protection performance for the dummy’s head, chest, upper leg, and lower leg, but the knee side displacement of bottom-mounted knee airbag is greater, and the axial compression of the tibia is greater. This paper can provide a theoretical basis for the design of knee airbag in the Chinese market and the development of Chinese human dummy.

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Evaluation of driver lower extremity injuries in 16 oblique crashes with THOR

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Different Safety Measures at Tunnel Lay-Bys and Portals to Protect Occupants in Passenger Cars

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Different Safety Measures at Tunnel Lay-Bys and Portals to Protect Occupants in Passenger Cars

Injury effects of knee airbags on Chinese human dummy

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