Evaluation of DNA damage in an Ecuadorian population exposed to glyphosate

Paz‐y‐Miño, César; Sánchez, María Eugenia; Arévalo, Melissa; Muñoz, María José; Witte, Tania; De-la-Carrera, Gabriela Oleas; Leone, Paola

doi:10.1590/s1415-47572007000300026

Cited by 61 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Beyond the standard genetic toxicity assays, IARC concluded for humans exposed to GBFs that there was positive evidence of DNA breakage as determined using the comet assay (Paz-y-Miño et al 2007), negative induction of chromosomal aberrations (Paz-y-Miño et al 2011), and positive induction of MN (Bolognesi et al 2009). These papers were critically reviewed by the Expert Panel and were found to be deficient as evidence for GBF genetic effects for many reasons (e.g.…”

Section: Genetic Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the carcinogenic potential of glyphosate by four independent expert panels and comparison to the IARC assessment

Williams

Aardema²,

Acquavella

et al. 2016

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) published a monograph in 2015 concluding that glyphosate is "probably carcinogenic to humans" (Group 2A) based on limited evidence in humans and sufficient evidence in experimental animals. It was also concluded that there was strong evidence of genotoxicity and oxidative stress. Four Expert Panels have been convened for the purpose of conducting a detailed critique of the evidence in light of IARC's assessment and to review all relevant information pertaining to glyphosate exposure, animal carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, and epidemiologic studies. Two of the Panels (animal bioassay and genetic toxicology) also provided a critique of the IARC position with respect to conclusions made in these areas. The incidences of neoplasms in the animal bioassays were found not to be associated with glyphosate exposure on the basis that they lacked statistical strength, were inconsistent across studies, lacked dose-response relationships, were not associated with preneoplasia, and/or were not plausible from a mechanistic perspective. The overall weight of evidence from the genetic toxicology data supports a conclusion that glyphosate (including GBFs and AMPA) does not pose a genotoxic hazard and therefore, should not be considered support for the classification of glyphosate as a genotoxic carcinogen. The assessment of the epidemiological data found that the data do not support a causal relationship between glyphosate exposure and nonHodgkin's lymphoma while the data were judged to be too sparse to assess a potential relationship between glyphosate exposure and multiple myeloma. As a result, following the review of the totality of the evidence, the Panels concluded that the data do not support IARC's conclusion that glyphosate is a "probable human carcinogen" and, consistent with previous regulatory assessments, further concluded that glyphosate is unlikely to pose a carcinogenic risk to humans. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Genetic Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the carcinogenic potential of glyphosate by four independent expert panels and comparison to the IARC assessment

Williams

Aardema²,

Acquavella

et al. 2016

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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“…Also in different in vivo experiments, positive results were obtained in SCGE experiments, for example in amphibians (Clements et al 1997), reptiles (Poletta et al 2009), fish (Cavas and Konen 2007;Guilherme et al 2010), and plants (Alvarez-Moya et al 2011). Few years ago, the first article was published by Paz-y-Miño et al (2007) in which a significant increase of comet formation in peripheral lymphocytes of humans exposed to G via spraying was reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it was found in field studies that contact of agricultural workers due to spraying leads to induction of micronuclei (MNi) that are formed as a consequence of structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations and to comet formation in peripheral lymphocytes (Bolognesi et al 2009;Paz-y-Miño et al 2007). Also in the course of the production of the pesticide, humans may come into dermal and/or inhalative contact with the herbicide, but no data are available from biomonitoring studies in which DNA damage was measured in exposed factory workers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and DNA-damaging properties of glyphosate and Roundup in human-derived buccal epithelial cells

et al. 2012

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Glyphosate (G) is the largest selling herbicide worldwide; the most common formulations (Roundup, R) contain polyoxyethyleneamine as main surfactant. Recent findings indicate that G exposure may cause DNA damage and cancer in humans. Aim of this investigation was to study the cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of G and R (UltraMax) in a buccal epithelial cell line (TR146), as workers are exposed via inhalation to the herbicide. R induced acute cytotoxic effects at concentrations > 40 mg/l after 20 min, which were due to membrane damage and impairment of mitochondrial functions. With G, increased release of extracellular lactate dehydrogenase indicative for membrane damage was observed at doses > 80 mg/l. Both G and R induced DNA migration in single-cell gel electrophoresis assays at doses > 20 mg/l. Furthermore, an increase of nuclear aberrations that reflect DNA damage was observed. The frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear buds were elevated after 20-min exposure to 10-20 mg/l, while nucleoplasmatic bridges were only enhanced by R at the highest dose (20 mg/l). R was under all conditions more active than its active principle (G). Comparisons with results of earlier studies with lymphocytes and cells from internal organs indicate that epithelial cells are more susceptible to the cytotoxic and DNA-damaging properties of the herbicide and its formulation. Since we found genotoxic effects after short exposure to concentrations that correspond to a 450-fold dilution of spraying used in agriculture, our findings indicate that inhalation may cause DNA damage in exposed individuals.

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“…La técnica del ensayo cometa es un método relativamente rápido y simple para la detección del daño de ADN in vivo (17,18), debido a la exposición de factores como rayos X, pesticidas, hidrocarburos (17,19,20). La prueba consiste en someter los leucocitos sanguíneos a un campo eléctrico.…”

Section: Análisis Genético Ensayo Cometa -Electroforesis En Gel Alcalunclassified

“…Las muestras fueron analizadas por medio de la técnica descrita por Singh y colaboradores (17) con implementaciones realizadas en otras investigaciones (20,21). Las placas fueron analizadas usando un microscopio de fluorescencia con una lámpara de mercurio y un filtro de 515-560nm de excitación.…”

Section: Análisis Genético Ensayo Cometa -Electroforesis En Gel Alcalunclassified

Impacto genético en comunidades Amazónicas del Ecuador localizadas en zonas petroleras

Miño¹,

Castro²,

Cortés³

et al. 2010

REMCB

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RESUMEN.-La exposición de agentes carcinógenos usados en la industria petrolera incrementa el desarrollo de cáncer tanto en hombres como en mujeres y niños. Se ha observado que los individuos expuestos a agentes genotóxicos presentan una inestabilidad general del genoma humano que puede ser evaluada por medio del estudio de cromosomas o de genes involucrados en daño genético a través del aná-lisis del nivel de fragmentación del ADN en individuos expuestos a los hidrocarburos. Para el estudio se escogieron 23 mujeres que viven cerca de la actividad petrolera y a quienes se supone presentaron una mayor exposición a las fuentes de contaminación. Los individuos control fueron 25 mujeres provenientes de la Joya de Los Sachas, en Orellana, sin antecedentes de exposición continua a genotóxicos. La técnica usada para determinar alteraciones genéticas fue el ensayo cometa. Los datos obtenidos indican que existe un mayor riesgo a padecer cáncer, malformaciones congénitas y abortos en las zonas ubicadas más cerca a la actividad petrolera, por ende con mayor exposición a factores tóxicos. La distancia al foco de exposición y la asimilación de los mismos facilita la mutación del ADN en las células, originando fallas en los sistemas de reparación.PALABRAS CLAVE: Petróleo, genotóxicos, inestabilidad genómica, fragmentación de ADN, ensayo cometa.ABSTRACT.-The exposition to the carcinogenic agents used in the oil industry increment the development of cancer in the Amazonian communities. According to revised health data, exposed individuals to genotoxic agents present general instability of the human genome. This instability can be measured through analysis of the

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Evaluation of DNA damage in an Ecuadorian population exposed to glyphosate

Cited by 61 publications

References 24 publications

A review of the carcinogenic potential of glyphosate by four independent expert panels and comparison to the IARC assessment

A review of the carcinogenic potential of glyphosate by four independent expert panels and comparison to the IARC assessment

Cytotoxic and DNA-damaging properties of glyphosate and Roundup in human-derived buccal epithelial cells

Impacto genético en comunidades Amazónicas del Ecuador localizadas en zonas petroleras

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