Evaluation of discoloration of sound/demineralized root dentin with silver diamine fluoride: <i>In-vitro</i> study

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the effect of application of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on discoloration of demineralized dentin over time. Dentin specimens were divided into four groups according to time of dentin demineralization. A 38% SDF solution was then applied to the dentin surfaces. Half of the specimens were placed in light-proof boxes while the remainder were exposed to light. Both groups were maintained at 37˚C. Color change was determined using a spectrophotometer at different time intervals. SEM/ EDS analysis were also undertaken. The 13 h EDTA demineralized group showed the highest values for color change among different time intervals, with the control being the lowest. The light exposed groups showed more color change compared to the unexposed groups. We concluded that the degree of dentin demineralization leads to a significant increase of the rate of dentin color change after application of SDF.

Acceptance of Parents to Silver Diamine Fluoride in Pre-cooperative Children: A Cross-sectional Study

“…The investigators in a study concluded that the degree of dentin demineralization led to a significant increase in the rate of dentin color change after application of SDF. 19 However, a significant number of parents below the mean income accepted SDF discoloration in front teeth when compared to the parents with income above it. This can be due to the superficial or partial knowledge and lack of awareness among the parents about importance of primary teeth w.r.t.…”

Effects of mechanical abrasion challenge on sound and demineralized dentin surfaces treated with SDF

“…Both sound and demineralized dentin proved to have antibacterial properties after mechanical brushing in the SDF-treated dentin group. In the current study, the dentin was demineralized for 13 h in EDTA solution to simulate the severelydemineralized dentin condition 14 . The load (250 g), brushing time and frequency used in the tooth brushing test were considered to closely replicate the daily situation 16,17 as oral healthcare measures (e.g.…”

“…Regarding the silver reactions with the mineral phase, SDF application results in formation of silver phosphate 20 . However, silver phosphate is an unstable compound and reduces gradually into metallic silver by reducing agents such as light exposure 14 or replaced by silver chloride after immersion in artificial saliva 21 and the formation of metallic silver 6,22 . All the previously mentioned silver compounds contribute to hardening and protection of the dentin surface as well as the formation of the dark stains.…”

“…For the demineralized group, the specimens were demineralized with 0.5 M ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid adjusted to pH 7.5 (EDTA: decalcifying Soln. B, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Osaka, Japan) for 13 h resulting in a 180 ± 3.5 µm deep zone of demineralization 14 . Each group was divided into three sub-groups according to surface treatment: (1) control (no-treatment), (2) 38% SDF (Saforide, Bee-Brand Medico Dental, Tokyo, Japan), and (3) SDF + KI (Riva Star, Southern Dental Industries, Victoria, Australia).…”

“…Sixty specimens were used for this test (n = 5). The specimens were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 2 h at 4 °C "primary fixation", followed by 0.1% osmium solution for 2 h at 4 °C "secondary fixation", and lastly dehydrated in an ascending ethanol concentration series (50%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 95%) each concentration for 25 min and twice in the 100% for 25 min each, and sputter-coated with carbon 14 . The surfaces of the prepared specimens were examined under SEM (JSM-IT 100, Joel, Tokyo, Japan) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) by the same operator who was blinded to the active ingredient of the experimental groups.…”