Evaluation of different forms of Egyptian diatomite for the removal of ammonium ions from Lake Qarun: A realistic study to avoid eutrophication

Abukhadra, Mostafa R.; Eid, Mohamed Hamdy; Allam, Ahmed A.; Ajarem, Jamaan S.; Almalki, Ahmed; Salama, Yasser

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115277

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Typically, biofilters for drinking water are aerobic reactors, but the diffusion of oxygen into the inner layer of the biofilm may be difficult, so anaerobic niches favorable to the denitrification process may theoretically be created. Since most denitrifying microorganisms are chemoheterotrophs, the parameter informing about the role of denitrification in nitrogen losses may be the removal of COD Mn [38]. The last process that should be mentioned is sorption.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Biofiltration Method on the Efficiency of Ammonium Nitrogen Removal from Water in Combined Sorption and Nitrification Processes

Papciak,

Domoń,

Zdeb

2024

Water

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This study assessed the impact of the method of conducting the biofiltration process on the efficiency of ammonium nitrogen removal from water in combined sorption and nitrification processes. The research was carried out on diatomite deposits using biofiltration with gravity and counter-gravity flow. The following physicochemical water parameters were controlled during the research, including ammonium nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and dissolved oxygen. Unconventional flow turned out to be more beneficial because it allows for optimal use of the entire bed surface, natural regulation of the biofilm thickness, and maintaining constant microbiological activity of the biofilm. The automatic regulation of the biofilm thickness during water flow prevented excessive growth of dead organic matter and limited the development of heterotrophic bacteria. Biofiltration with counter-gravity flow also resulted in reduced oxygen consumption. Regardless of the flow direction used, water after the single-stage biofiltration process was characterized by an increased content of nitrite nitrogen. The introduction of the second stage of filtration made it possible to obtain water that meets the requirements for water intended for human consumption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Biofiltration Method on the Efficiency of Ammonium Nitrogen Removal from Water in Combined Sorption and Nitrification Processes

Papciak,

Domoń,

Zdeb

2024

Water

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“…Diatomite, commonly known as diatomaceous earth, is a biologically generated type of natural sedimentary rock that may be readily acquired at a relatively cheap cost. , Diatomite mostly comprises amorphous silica, predominantly including well-preserved diatom frustules. , Both the unmodified and modified structures of diatomite have been evaluated as potential carriers for transferring small drugs and macromolecules, according to studies. ,− Numerous advantageous characteristics for drug carriers have been discovered to be present in diatomite, including high porosity, low density, nontoxicity, high loading capacity, thermal stability, mechanical stability, and chemical resistance. ,,, To improve drug loading and release properties, as well as ensure safety, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, diatomite was functionalized or modified with various groups of chemicals, prevalent biopolymers, and nontoxic inorganic compounds. ,,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30,31 Diatomite, commonly known as diatomaceous earth, is a biologically generated type of natural sedimentary rock that may be readily acquired at a relatively cheap cost. 32,33 Diatomite mostly comprises amorphous silica, predominantly including well-preserved diatom frustules. 34,35 Both the unmodified and modified structures of diatomite have been evaluated as potential carriers for transferring small drugs and macromolecules, according to studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Chitosan-Hybridized Diatomite as Potential Delivery Systems of Oxaliplatin and 5-Fluorouracil Drugs: Equilibrium and Release Kinetics

Alfassam,

Othman,

Bin Jumah

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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The current work involves the modification of diatomite’s biosiliceous frustules employing chitosan polymer chains (CS/Di) to serve as low-cost, biocompatible, multifunctional, and enhanced pharmaceutical delivery systems for 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) together with oxaliplatin (OXPL). The CS/Di carrier displayed strong loading characteristics, notably at saturation (249.17 mg/g (OXPL) and 267.6 mg/g (5-Fu)), demonstrating a substantial 5-Fu affinity. The loading of the two types of medications onto CS/Di was conducted based on the kinetic behaviors of the conventional pseudo-first-order theory (R 2 > 0.90). However, while the loading of OXPL follows the isotherm assumptions of the classic Langmuir model (R 2 = 0.99), the loading of 5-Fu displays Fruendlich isotherm properties. Therefore, the 5-Fu loading displayed physical, heterogeneous, and multilayer loading properties, whereas the loading of OXPL occurred in homogeneous and monolayer form. The densities of occupied active sites of CS/Di were 37.19 and 32.8 mg/g for the sequestrations of OXPL and 5-Fu, respectively. Furthermore, by means of multimolecular processes, each loading site of CS/Di can bind up to 8 molecules of OXPL and 9 molecules of 5-Fu in a vertical orientation. This observation explains the higher loading capacities of 5-Fu in comparison to OXPL. The loading energies, which exhibit values <40 kJ/mol, provide confirmation of the dominant and significant consequences of physical processes as the regulating mechanisms. The release patterns of OXPL and 5-Fu demonstrate prolonged features over a duration of up to 120 h. The release kinetic simulation and diffusion exponents which are more than 0.45 provide evidence of the release of OXP and 5-Fu via non-Fickian transportation characteristics and the erosion/diffusion mechanism. The CS/Di carrier exhibited a substantial enhancement in the cytotoxicity of OXPL and 5-Fu against HCT-116 carcinoma cell lines, resulting in a reduction in cell viability by 4.61 and 2.26% respectively.

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“…The material used to support nanoparticles needs to be affordable, accessible, and compatible with the nanoparticles [21]. The diatomite earth is an affordable and well-known filter material in the industry, used to remove ammonium ions [22], heavy metals [23], and even some dyes such as Red 3BS and Yellow 5GF [24] using their absorption capacity. This material could be an exciting material to support the zero-valent iron nanoparticles and make an efficient filter scalable to an industrial application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Nano Zero-Valent Iron Supported on Diatomite to Remove Acid Blue Dye: Synthesis, Characterization, and Toxicology Test

et al. 2021

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This work aimed to synthesize and characterize nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), supported on diatomaceous earth (DE) at two different molar concentrations, 3 and 4 M (nZVI-DE-1 nZVI-DE-2), to test the decolorization treatment of acid blue dye (AB) and perform a toxicological test using zebrafish. The synthesis of the nanoparticles was obtained using the chemical reduction method. The material was fully characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy and specific surface area (BET). The results showed spherical forms in clusters between 20 and 40 nm of zero-valent iron supported on diatomaceous earth. The removal of 1 g/L of AB from water treated with nZVI-DE-1 and nZVI-DE-2 reached the decolorization of 90% and 98% of all dye. By contrast, controls such as nZVI and DE-1 and DE-2 removed 40%, 37%, and 24% of the dye. Toxicological analysis using zebrafish showed that AB causes a severe defect in development, and embryos die after exposure. However, the water samples treated with nZVI-DE-1 and nZVI-DE-2 are not harmful to the zebrafish embryos during the first 24 h. However, all embryos exposed to the new material for more than 48 hpf had cardiac edema, smaller eyes, and curved and smaller bodies with less pigmentation.

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Evaluation of different forms of Egyptian diatomite for the removal of ammonium ions from Lake Qarun: A realistic study to avoid eutrophication

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

The Influence of the Biofiltration Method on the Efficiency of Ammonium Nitrogen Removal from Water in Combined Sorption and Nitrification Processes

The Influence of the Biofiltration Method on the Efficiency of Ammonium Nitrogen Removal from Water in Combined Sorption and Nitrification Processes

Characterization of Chitosan-Hybridized Diatomite as Potential Delivery Systems of Oxaliplatin and 5-Fluorouracil Drugs: Equilibrium and Release Kinetics

Using Nano Zero-Valent Iron Supported on Diatomite to Remove Acid Blue Dye: Synthesis, Characterization, and Toxicology Test

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