Evaluation of Dicyphus hesperus for biological control of sweet potato whitefly and potato psyllid on greenhouse tomato

Calvo, Francisco; Torres-Ruíz, Alfonso; Velázquez-González, J. C.; Rodríguez‐Leyva, Esteban; Lomelí-Flores, J. Refugio

doi:10.1007/s10526-016-9719-2

Cited by 38 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In general, symptoms of plant feeding (necrotic rings) by M. basicornis, E. varians and C. infumatus were similar to those described for other mirid species such as N. tenuis, M. pygmaeus and D. hesperus (McGregor et al , 2000; Arnó et al , 2006, 2010; Shipp & Wang, 2006; Calvo et al , 2009, 2012 b , 2016; Castañé et al , 2011), though we detected no evidence of plant feeding on stems and leaf petioles. The numbers of necrotic rings per individual mirid for all the mirid nymphs we tested were well above of the ca.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Interestingly, plant feeding varies a lot in dicyphines depending on ambient conditions, host-plant species and, more strongly, among predator species (Alomar & Albajes, 1996; Castañé et al , 2003, 2011; Gillespie et al , 2007; Sanchez, 2008). Actually, whereas serious crop damage has been described for N. tenuis and M. pygmaeus when they occur at high densities (Castañé et al , 2011; Moerkens et al , 2016), augmentation of Dicyphus hesperus Knight on tomato is not constrained by fruit or plant damage (Gillespie et al , 2007; Calvo et al , 2016). Gillespie & McGregor (2000) proposed three simple models for feeding behaviour in omnivorous Heteroptera: the amount of plant feeding: (1) decreases with increased prey feeding, (2) increases with increased prey feeding, or (3) is independent of the amount of prey feeding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do nymphs and adults of three Neotropical zoophytophagous mirids damage leaves and fruits of tomato?

Silva

Bueno

Calvo³

et al. 2016

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The predators Macrolophus basicornis (Stal), Engytatus varians (Distant) and Campyloneuropsis infumatus (Carvalho) consume large numbers of tomato pests such as Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and Tuta absoluta (Meyrick). However, they are zoophytophagous and feed on plant parts as well. We evaluated the type and effect of injury caused by nymphs and adults of these mirids on tomato seedlings and fruit in the absence of prey. For each mirid species, seedlings were exposed to groups of 20 nymphs or adults for 72 h, and fruits were exposed for 48 h to groups of four nymphs or adults. Type and the number of injury on stems, petioles and leaflets of tomato seedlings and fruits were recorded after removal of insects. Nymphs and adults of these mirids caused necrotic rings on the leaflets, but no injury was observed on stem and petioles. The necrotic rings on leaflets consisted of blemishes, characterized by feeding punctures surrounded by a yellowish, bleached area. The number of necrotic rings did not exceed one per individual mirid and seedlings developed normally. Nymphs also caused feeding punctures on tomato fruit, but in even lower numbers than on leaflets. Two weeks after the start of the experiment the tomato fruit still looked fresh and feeding punctures had disappeared. Adults did not cause any injury to tomato fruit. The results indicate that nymphs and adults of these zoophytophagous mirids cause little injury to tomato seedlings and fruit, even when present in high densities and in the absence of prey, making them interesting candidates for biological control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do nymphs and adults of three Neotropical zoophytophagous mirids damage leaves and fruits of tomato?

Silva

Bueno

Calvo³

et al. 2016

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…Dicyphus bolivari and D. errans were able to successfully develop under winter and summer conditions, indicating that both Dicyphus species may be used throughout the year, considering their development and survival. This result was also reported in D. hesperus (Knight), which established well in both autumn-winter and summer conditions on tomatoes (Calvo et al 2016). Nymph development time under laboratory standard (summer) conditions (25°C, 16:8 h L:D; feeding on E. kuehniella eggs) for the case of D. bolivari (18.9 days) was similar to that reported in the literature for the species here studied under similar conditions and diet.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Pre-planting inoculation for early establishment of Dicyphus bolivari and D. errans on tomatoes

et al. 2018

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Slow establishment and risks of plant damage are major constraints for the use of the predatory mirid bugs that are commercially available for release in greenhouse crops. Therefore, a new interest has turned towards two predatory Dicyphus species (Heteroptera: Miridae) that have been investigated in the past but have not been used commercially in augmentative biological control. We assessed their development duration and survival at temperature and day length of summer and winter conditions and assessed the feasibility of pre-planting predator establishment on plant seedlings under those conditions. Dicyphus bolivari (Lindberg) and D. errans (Wolff) nymphs reached the adult stage in 47.4 (winter conditions) and 18.6 days (summer conditions) and 46.0 (winter) and 16.3 days (summer) respectively. They showed more than 90% survival when provided with food (Ephestia eggs). Provision of food allowed females to lay more eggs and to distribute them more evenly among tomato seedlings. No injuries or other negative effects on tomato seedling development were observed. Nymph development time of the two mirid species studied were slightly higher than other commercial mirid predators. The results show great potential of these predatory bugs, which are now being tested under field conditions.

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“…Biological control has been applied to manage pests, vectors and invasive species in a variety of ecological systems (O'Neil, 1990;Marten and Reid, 2007;Van Driesche and Bellows, 2011;Calvo et al 2016). However, attempts to reveal agent efficacy through the coupling of functional and numerical responses (FRs, NRs) are limited in practice, reducing our predictive capacity for population-level effects (but see Heisswolf et al 2009;Costa et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological control agent selection under environmental change using functional responses, abundances and fecundities; the Relative Control Potential (RCP) metric

2018

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We currently lack the capacity to rapidly and reliably predict the efficacy of biological control agents due to inadequate consistency in derivations of functional and numerical responses and potential effects of context-dependencies. Here, we propose and apply a novel metric, Relative Control Potential (RCP), which combines the functional response (FR, per capita effect) with proxies for the numerical response (NR, agent population response) to compare agent efficacies, where RCP = FR × abundance (or other proxies e.g. fecundity). The RCP metric is a comparative ratio between potential biocontrol agents, where values > 1 indicate higher relative control efficacy. Further, RCP can compare the efficacy of agents under environmental contexts, such as temperature change. We thus derived the RCP for two predatory cyclopoid copepods, Macrocyclops albidus (Cyclopoida: Cyclopidae) and Megacyclops viridis (Cyclopoida: Cyclopidae), towards larvae of the mosquito Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) under temperatures representative of current and future climate. Both copepods exhibited potentially population destabilising Type II FRs, with increasing temperatures inducing greater magnitude FRs through increased attack rates and decreased handling times. Attack rates by M. albidus were higher than M. viridis, yet handling times and maximum feeding rates were similar between the species across all temperatures. The inclusion of abundance data drives an elevated RCP of M. albidus and the integration of fecundity drives greater RCP of M. albidus at peak temperatures. Q10 values are indicative of increased feeding activity by both copepods with temperature increases, however relative feeding level increases of M. viridis slowed towards the peak temperature. We present RCP calculations and biplots that represent the comparative efficacies of the two biological control agents across temperatures. The Relative Control Potential (RCP) metric thus provides a new tool for practitioners to better assess the potential efficacy of biocontrol agents before their integration into management approaches for pests, vectors and invasive species.

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Evaluation of Dicyphus hesperus for biological control of sweet potato whitefly and potato psyllid on greenhouse tomato

Cited by 38 publications

References 30 publications

Do nymphs and adults of three Neotropical zoophytophagous mirids damage leaves and fruits of tomato?

Do nymphs and adults of three Neotropical zoophytophagous mirids damage leaves and fruits of tomato?

Pre-planting inoculation for early establishment of Dicyphus bolivari and D. errans on tomatoes

Biological control agent selection under environmental change using functional responses, abundances and fecundities; the Relative Control Potential (RCP) metric

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