Abstract:Temurui (
Murraya koenigii
[Linn.] Spreng) is a local plant of Aceh. The leaves of
M. koenigii
are used in most of the local foods as spices. Nowadays, cancer is claimed as the second deadly disease in the world where the number of sufferers increases every year. Cervical cancer (HeLa) is one of the most dominant cancers that happen in developing country, including Indonesia. Some chemotherapeutic agents using synthetic drugs have been used to treat cancer, but the… Show more
“…The extracts were reported as being potently cytotoxic in nature in HeLa cancer cells. These results established the potential of M. koenigii as an anticancer agent in vitro [11]. Additional evidence for the anticancer activity of M. koenigii has been obtained from rodent cancer cell lines, as well as different in vivo cancer models [12][13][14][22][23][24]114,115].…”
Section: Anticancer Activity (In Vivo and In Vitro)supporting
confidence: 57%
“…An M. koenigii ethanol extract exhibited significant synergistic antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG) in combination with the anti-tuberculosis drug rifampicin [106]. Three extracts of M. koenigii exhibited were very active, with values of <1 µg/mL to 2.25 µg/mL, and were thus proved to be potent cytotoxic activity agents against HeLa cancer cells [11] Anti-inflammatory Girinimbine, supplementation specifically, resulted in the induction of apoptosis, the inhibition of inflammation, and a significant increase in cell numbers in the G0/G1 phase [85] Anticancer (Breast) Leaves Aqueous − Female BALB/c mice M. koenigii aqueous extract has potential for cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects and delays rather than inhibits tumor formation [12] Neuroprotective Leaves Methanol − Male albino mice M. koenigii is effective in attenuating memory impairment and oxidative stress and prevents abnormal oral movements [36] Neuroprotective Leaves Ethanol − Swiss albino mice M. koenigii supplementation resulted in an improvement of acetylcholine (ACh) and reduction in acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In addition, a significant elevation of serum biomarkers, and decline in creatinine, total cholesterol, urea nitrogen, and glucose levels, ameliorated the hepatic and renal functions in the normal ageing process…”
Section: Antibacterial Activitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Different parts of M. koenigii, such as its leaves, root, bark, and fruit, are known to promote various biological activities. Aromatic bioactive constituents in the leaves of M. koenigii retain their flavor and other qualities, even after drying [9][10][11][12][13][14]. M. koenigii leaves are slightly bitter in taste, pungent in smell, and weakly acidic.…”
The discovery of several revitalizing molecules that can stop or reduce the pathology of a wide range of diseases will be considered a major breakthrough of the present time. Available synthetic compounds may provoke side effects and health issues, which heightens the need for molecules from plants and other natural resources under discovery as potential methods of replacing synthetic compounds. In traditional medicinal therapies, several plant extracts and phytochemicals have been reported to impart remedial effects as better alternatives. Murraya koenigii (M. koenigii) belongs to the Rutaceae family, which is commonly used as a medicinally important herb of Indian origin in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. Previous reports have demonstrated that the leaves, roots, and bark of this plant are rich sources of carbazole alkaloids, which produce potent biological activities and pharmacological effects. These include antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and neuroprotective activities. The present review provides insight into the major components of M. koenigii and their pharmacological activities against different pathological conditions. The review also emphasizes the need for more research on the molecular basis of such activity in various cellular and animal models to validate the efficacy of M. koenigii and its derivatives as potent therapeutic agents.
“…The extracts were reported as being potently cytotoxic in nature in HeLa cancer cells. These results established the potential of M. koenigii as an anticancer agent in vitro [11]. Additional evidence for the anticancer activity of M. koenigii has been obtained from rodent cancer cell lines, as well as different in vivo cancer models [12][13][14][22][23][24]114,115].…”
Section: Anticancer Activity (In Vivo and In Vitro)supporting
confidence: 57%
“…An M. koenigii ethanol extract exhibited significant synergistic antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG) in combination with the anti-tuberculosis drug rifampicin [106]. Three extracts of M. koenigii exhibited were very active, with values of <1 µg/mL to 2.25 µg/mL, and were thus proved to be potent cytotoxic activity agents against HeLa cancer cells [11] Anti-inflammatory Girinimbine, supplementation specifically, resulted in the induction of apoptosis, the inhibition of inflammation, and a significant increase in cell numbers in the G0/G1 phase [85] Anticancer (Breast) Leaves Aqueous − Female BALB/c mice M. koenigii aqueous extract has potential for cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects and delays rather than inhibits tumor formation [12] Neuroprotective Leaves Methanol − Male albino mice M. koenigii is effective in attenuating memory impairment and oxidative stress and prevents abnormal oral movements [36] Neuroprotective Leaves Ethanol − Swiss albino mice M. koenigii supplementation resulted in an improvement of acetylcholine (ACh) and reduction in acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In addition, a significant elevation of serum biomarkers, and decline in creatinine, total cholesterol, urea nitrogen, and glucose levels, ameliorated the hepatic and renal functions in the normal ageing process…”
Section: Antibacterial Activitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Different parts of M. koenigii, such as its leaves, root, bark, and fruit, are known to promote various biological activities. Aromatic bioactive constituents in the leaves of M. koenigii retain their flavor and other qualities, even after drying [9][10][11][12][13][14]. M. koenigii leaves are slightly bitter in taste, pungent in smell, and weakly acidic.…”
The discovery of several revitalizing molecules that can stop or reduce the pathology of a wide range of diseases will be considered a major breakthrough of the present time. Available synthetic compounds may provoke side effects and health issues, which heightens the need for molecules from plants and other natural resources under discovery as potential methods of replacing synthetic compounds. In traditional medicinal therapies, several plant extracts and phytochemicals have been reported to impart remedial effects as better alternatives. Murraya koenigii (M. koenigii) belongs to the Rutaceae family, which is commonly used as a medicinally important herb of Indian origin in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. Previous reports have demonstrated that the leaves, roots, and bark of this plant are rich sources of carbazole alkaloids, which produce potent biological activities and pharmacological effects. These include antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and neuroprotective activities. The present review provides insight into the major components of M. koenigii and their pharmacological activities against different pathological conditions. The review also emphasizes the need for more research on the molecular basis of such activity in various cellular and animal models to validate the efficacy of M. koenigii and its derivatives as potent therapeutic agents.
“…On the other hand, EAE and DE extracts did not show any difference in the cytotoxicity levels of both the tested cells lines. Previous studies have also shown the cytotoxic potentials of various plant extracts in several cancer lines including HeLa cells 20 , 21 . Figure 2 Anticancer effects of various extracts of M. glyptostroboides.…”
This study was undertaken to investigate the anticancer effects of organic extracts derived from the floral cones of Metasequoia glyptostroboides. Dried powder of M. glyptostroboides floral cones was subjected to methanol extraction, and the resulting extract was further partitioned by liquid–liquid extraction using the organic solvents n-hexane, dichloromethane (DME), chloroform, and ethyl acetate in addition to deionized water. HeLa cervical and COS-7 cells were used as a cancer cell model and normal cell control, respectively. The anticancer effect was evaluated by using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The viability of COS-7 cells was found to be 12-fold higher than that of the HeLa cells under the administration of 50 µg/ml of the DME extract. Further, the sub-G1 population was determined by FACS analysis. The number of cells at the sub-G1 phase, which indicates apoptotic cells, was increased approximately fourfold upon treatment with the DME and CE extracts compared with that in the negative control. Furthermore, RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to quantitate the relative RNA and protein levels of the cell death pathway components, respectively. Our results suggest that the extracts of M. glyptostroboides floral cones, especially the DME extract, which possesses several anticancer components, as determined by GC–MS analysis, could a potential natural anticancer agent.
“…Screening carried out by two animal models, i.e., (1) carrageenan persuade paw edema in rats; and (2) histamine persuade paw edema in rats. [35] Determination of LD 50 value and acute toxicity Rats in groups of 12 were administered intraperitonealy with different doses of the fractions from the three drugs by the staircase method, starting from 10 mg/kg, and increasing dose with factor 2.0, if there was no mortality and decreasing subsequent dose with factor 0.7 [36] in case there was mortality. Least and most tolerated were determined by hit and trial method for various extracts and fractions.…”
The aim of the paper is to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of three medicinal plants using two rat models. Materials and Methods: Soxhlet extraction approaches utilized to separate the constituents of interest. Quantitative analysis has been performed to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content. Three plants extract employed for the ointment formulation by addition of the extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus (AH), Murraya koenigii (MK), and Punica granatum (PG) in polyethylene glycol (PEG) ointment base, a blend of PEG 600 and PEG 4000, and ratio 7:3, respectively. Two rat models based on chemical induced animals employed for the anti-inflammatory potential. Results and Discussion: All three plants including AH Lam., MK Linn., and PG Linn. extracted for the major component and have shown the gallic acid and quercetin as major component for flavonoid and phenol content. The ointment formulation F3 has showed maximum inhibition (80.95%) at 50 mg/kg dose of carrageenan-induced edema and 83.33% inhibition at 100 mg/kg dose. The ointment formulation F3 has showed maximum inhibition (78.57%) at 50 mg/kg dose of histamine persuade edema and 83.33% inhibition at 100 mg/kg dose. F3 ointment formulation is better than the F2 and F1 formulation in inhibition and in all phases showing its reserve of kinins as well as arachidonic acid. Conclusion: Quantitative and pharmacological evaluation indicated that ointment formulations of AH, MK, and PG have exploit for anti-inflammatory activity. The normal extract has shown the least activity but ointment formulations have shown the better result. The ointment formulations containing plant extracts in 10% amount have better wound healing potential.
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