Evaluation of costs and time required for laparoscopic-assisted versus open cystotomy for urinary cystolith removal in dogs: 43 cases (2009–2012)

Abstract

Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy was more time-consuming and expensive but associated with fewer postoperative doses of injectable analgesics, compared with open cystotomy. Laparoscopic-assisted cystotomy is an acceptable, more expensive, and minimally invasive alternative to open cystotomy for the removal of urinary cystoliths in dogs.

ACVIMSmall Animal Consensus Recommendations on the Treatment and Prevention of Uroliths in Dogs and Cats

“…Rationale: Minimally invasive procedures are associated with shorter hospitalization, and perceived fewer adverse effects, fewer residual stones because of improved visualization, and possibly lower stone recurrence rates compared to surgical cystotomy …”

Current Concepts in Minimally Invasive Surgery of the Abdomen

“…[30][31][32][33] Patients should be placed in the Trendelenburg position. The camera portal should be placed 2-to 3-cm caudal to the umbilicus, with a second site caudally on midline for female patients and paramedian or midline for male patients.…”

Perioperative Complications and Outcome of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in 20 Dogs

“…Laparoscopic surgery has become popular in veterinary medicine and is associated with faster return to function, improved visualization, possible reduction in surgical site infections, and reduced postoperative pain for selected surgical procedures in dogs …”