Evaluation of Chlorine Decay in Drinking Water Systems for Different Flow Conditions: From Theory to Practice

Ramos, Helena M.; Loureiro, D.; Lópes, Ana Catarina de Souza; Fernandes, Cristóvão Vicente Scapulatempo; Covas, Dídia; Reis, Luisa Fernanda Ribeiro; Cunha, Maria da Conceição

doi:10.1007/s11269-009-9472-8

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The task of maintaining aging PS-both conduits and installed devices-in good conditions is an increasing challenge having in mind the mandate to safeguard the health of urban populations and minimize operational and management costs (Christodoulou and Deligianni 2010). In fact PS are exposed to a number of risks, notably involving unexpected material and technological failure of hydraulic and hydromechanical system components, such as leakage occurrence, breaks in pipes, and malfunction of valves (Ramos et al 2010). Leaky PS are costly in terms of lost water, potentially adverse water quality effects (LeChevallier 1990), and the energy consumed in supplying the leaks (Colombo and Karney 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Amplitude Sharp Pressure Waves to Diagnose Pipe Systems

Meniconi

Brunone

Ferrante

et al. 2010

Water Resour Manage

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In this paper the possibility of using transient tests, generated by the Portable Pressure Wave Maker (PPWM) device, as a powerful tool in the management of pipe systems, is demonstrated. Specifically, tests carried out in different experimental set-ups at the Water Engineering Laboratory of the University of Perugia, Italy show that small amplitude sharp pressure waves produced by the PPWM allow to locate and evaluate the entity of anomalies, such as leaks, illegal branches, partial blockages, and negligently partially closed in-line valves. To improve the precision of localization of anomalies, arrival times of pressure waves are detected by means of wavelet analysis. Simple relations based on the water hammer theory are proposed to evaluate the entity of the anomalies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Amplitude Sharp Pressure Waves to Diagnose Pipe Systems

Meniconi

Brunone

Ferrante

et al. 2010

Water Resour Manage

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“…Several research works proved that decreasing VSP speed (and thus the VSP flow rate) causes decrease in chlorine decay in the water network (Ramos, et al 2010;Mohammed and Khudiar 2012;Jamwal and Kumar 2016). This is due to the decrease in pipe wall reaction and biofilm removal.…”

Section: Further Remarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Pump Scheduling Method for Optimum Energy Cost and Water Quality in Water Distribution Networks with Fixed and Variable Speed Pumps

Abdallah

Kapelan

2019

J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.

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Supplying high quality water at competitive cost is a major challenge for water utilities worldwide, especially with ever increasing water quality standards and energy prices. A number of pump scheduling methods for optimising simultaneously water quality and energy cost have been developed already. However, none of these methods is ideal due to the complexity of water networks and the nonlinear behaviour of water flow. In this research, a new optimisation method named iterative Extended Lexicographic Goal Programming (iELGP) is developed to optimize energy cost and water quality (residual chlorine) in water networks with a mixture of fixed speed pumps (FSPs) and variable speed pumps (VSPs). Two different approaches were used to indirectly improve chlorine. The new method was tested on the C-Town water network and compared with the graph theory method of Price and Ostfeld (2016). The results obtained show the ability of the iELGP method to optimize energy cost and water quality in water networks and in a computationally very efficient manner. They also show that the iELGP method can identify lower energy cost pump schedules and do this faster than the above comparison method. Using VSPs instead of FSPs improves the water quality and decreases the related energy and maintenance cost in water networks.

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“…Several studies have focused on chlorine decay and factors affecting wall decay, such as the pipe material, flow velocity, water quality, and service age of the pipe [AL-JASSER 2007;AL-OMARI, CHAUDHRY 2001;DIGIANO, ZHANG 2005;FISHER et al 2011a, b;HALLAM et al 2002;ISABEL et al 2000;MONTEIRO et al 2017;RAMOS et al 2010;VASCONCELOS et al 1995] and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of the free residual chlorine concentration at the ends of the water supply network: Case study of Souk Ahras city – Algeria

Bensoltane

Zeghadnia

Djemili

et al. 2018

Journal of Water and Land Development

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The drinking-water supply sector has mostly targeted the water-borne transmission of pathogens. The most common method employed is the chlorination of drinking-water at treatment plants and in the distribution systems. In Algeria, the use of chlorine in drinking water treatment is a widespread practice. To enhance the concentration of the residual chlorine in the public water-supply system of a part of Souk Ahras city (Faubourg) (Algeria) known by its low concentration of the free residual chlorine (according to the water utility – Algérienne des Eaux: ADE investigation) especially at the point of use, practical steps were carried out. The method is a combination between numerical simulation using EPANET2 software and field measurements. Using statistical analysis the hydraulic model was calibrated and the observed values were very closer to the simulated results. The concentration was improved throughout the network after the injection of the appropriate dose.

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Evaluation of Chlorine Decay in Drinking Water Systems for Different Flow Conditions: From Theory to Practice

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

Small Amplitude Sharp Pressure Waves to Diagnose Pipe Systems

Small Amplitude Sharp Pressure Waves to Diagnose Pipe Systems

Fast Pump Scheduling Method for Optimum Energy Cost and Water Quality in Water Distribution Networks with Fixed and Variable Speed Pumps

Enhancement of the free residual chlorine concentration at the ends of the water supply network: Case study of Souk Ahras city – Algeria

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