Evaluation of Chitosan-Based Films Containing Gelatin, Chondroitin 4-Sulfate and ZnO for Wound Healing

Abstract

In this work, chitosan-based films containing gelatin and chondroitin-4-sulfate (C4S) with and without ZnO particles were produced and tested in vitro to investigate their potential wound healing properties. Chitosans were produced from shrimp-head processing waste by alkaline deacetylation of chitin to obtain chitosans differing in molecular weight and degree of deacetylation (80 ± 0.5%). The film-forming solutions (chitosan, C4S and gelatin) and ZnO suspension showed no toxicity towards fibroblasts or keratinocytes. Chitosan was able to agglutinate red blood cells, and film-forming solutions induced no hemolysis. Film components were released into solution when incubated in PBS as demonstrated by protein and sugar determination. These data suggest that a stable, chitosan-based film with low toxicity and an ability to release components would be able to establish a biocompatible microenvironment for cell growth. Chitosan-based films significantly increased the percentage of wound healing (wound contraction from 65 to 86%) in skin with full-thickness excision when compared with control (51%), after 6 days. Moreover, histological analysis showed increased granulation tissue in chitosan and chitosan/gelatin/C4S/ZnO films. Chitosan-based biopolymer composites could be used for improved biomedical applications such as wound dressings, giving them enhanced properties.

Micro-Structured Patches for Dermal Regeneration Obtained via Electrophoretic Replica Deposition

“…In our study, no postoperative adverse effects such as infection, pyogenesis, and body fluid effusion occurred in any animals throughout the experimental period. More importantly, it is worth noting that the FTWS of 900 mm 2 reported here is higher than in previous studies on chitosan showing re-epithelialization at 14 days, with an FTWS ranging from 20 mm 2 to 150 mm 2 [38,[43][44][45][46]. In all cases, the wound sites were significantly lower than the case reported here.…”

“…Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that keratin 10 (CK10) was uniformly expressed in the epithelium of the CP1000 group, whereas it was mostly expressed in the basal and suprabasal layers of CPR and CP500 groups, like normal skin. The wound contraction observed 14 days after implantation seemed to be very high for all types of patches, especially CPR and CP500, considering that the initial scar dimensions were higher than those presented in many other studies [44,45,47].…”

ZnO Nanostructures for Drug Delivery and Theranostic Applications

“…The wound healing capacity of the system was evaluated in rat models with full-thickness excision. After six days, results showed a significant decrease (14–35% more) of the wound compared with that obtained in control ones [ 129 ]. Selected ZnO based nanoplatforms for wound healing are summarized in Table 6 .…”

Biologically‐synthesised ZnO/CuO/Ag nanocomposite using propolis extract and coated on the gauze for wound healing applications

“…Hair follicles, which have a major role in epithelial regeneration and wound healing, can also be considered as a reservoir for the penetration of NPs inside the skin [23]. The secretion of serum proteins and cells pronounced the formation of more exuberant crusts and resulted in more efficient healing of the wounds treated with ZnO, ZnO/Ext, ZnO/CuO/Ext and particularly ZnO/Ag/Ext [31]. Moreover, the deposition of collagen in wounds was investigated by Masson's trichrome staining.…”