Evaluation of chemical constituents and in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity potential of rhizome of Astilbe rivularis (Bodho-okhati), an indigenous medicinal plant from Eastern Himalayan region of India

Abstract

Background Astilbe rivularis L. is an indigenous medicinal plant growing in high altitude of Darjeeling Himalayan region of India and Nepal. The plant rhizome has been used traditionally as medicine by local tribes to treat various ailments including infectious and other diseases. The present study aims to evaluate the plant rhizome for chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic bioactivities. Methods The methanolic extract of rhizome was analyzed for phytochemical constituents by biochemical and GC-MS methods. The antibacterial property of the extract was monitored by agar well diffusion assay. Antioxidant potential was assessed by in vitro DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays and scavenging of induced ROS in normal cell line using fluorescent probe 2′, 7′- dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Cytotoxic effect of the extract in cancer and normal cell lines was determined by MTT assay. Results Rhizome methanolic extract contained terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, saponins and reducing sugars. Further analysis of extract by GC-MS showed the presence of nine major constituents belonging to terpenoids and fatty acid groups. The extract had marked in vitro ROS scavenging activity and moderate antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. It showed cytotoxicity to neuroblastoma (SHSY5Y) cell line with IC 50 value < 100 μg ml − 1 but had least damaging effect on normal cells, like human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) and liver (WRL-68) cell lines. Conclusion The study suggests that Astilbe rivularis has potential as source of new potent antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer agents. Further studies on purification and characterization of active compounds from Astilbe rivularis and their biological evaluation are highly recommended.

Analysis of Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Potential of Bitter Kola Leaf Extract towards Bioactive Food, Nutrition and Health Resources

“…C-O stretching and aldehyde group respectively [50]. Similar results were previously reported by [51] which revealed the FTIR spectra Organic and Medicinal Chemistry International Journal peaking at 3414.50cm -1 , 2929.63cm -1 , 2854.70cm -1 and 1453.40cm -1 corresponding to O-H stretching of alcohol, carboxylic acids and C-N stretching respectively. The FTIR spectroscopic analysis of n-hexane extract (Table 7) displayed absorption bands 3288.63cm -1 , 2993.83cm -1 , 1500.23cm -1 and 1057.85cm -1 respectively [24].…”

Phytochemicals, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potential of Ethnomedicinal Plants of Sikkim Himalaya

“…and Shigella dysenteriae with MIC value ranged from 8-64 µg/ml against the tested bacterial pathogen [22] . Rai et al [23] reported antibacterial activity of the rhizome extract of A. rivularis against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens such as B. subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Aeromonas liquefaciens, Flexibactor sp., and Psedomonas sp. Adhikary et al [24] reported antimicrobial activity of rhizome methanolic extract of A. rivularis against E. coli with MIC of 0.011 mg/ml.…”

In Silico Investigation of Some Compounds from the N-Butanol Extract of Centaurea tougourensis Boiss. & Reut.

“…Plants have demonstrated their ability to inhibit the proliferation of several tumor cell lines over time due to their abundance of bioactive compounds, particularly flavonoids, terpenoids, and saponins, which have a potent cytotoxic effect [59,60]. These classes of secondary metabolites have already been identified in C. tougourensis [61].…”