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<i>Thevetia peruviana</i> is a large flowering shrub in the Apocynaceae family used medicinally. The current study aims to determine the phytochemicals and antimicrobial potential of <i>T. peruviana</i>. GC-MS was used to screen the ethanol and n-hexane extracts. Leaf extracts (ethanol and hexane) revealed alkaloids, phenols, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, steroid glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins, terpenoids, terpenoids and fixed oils and fats. GC-MS analysis of the ethanol and hexane extract revealed 24 bioactive metabolites. <i>T. peruviana</i> leaf extracts inhibited tested pathogens at 50, 100, and 200 mg/ml concentrations. A plethora of secondary metabolites demonstrated promising pharmacological benefits. The bioactive chemicals are utilised to treat bacterial infections, cancer, diabetes, and inflammation. This study demonstrated the antibacterial activity of several plants used in traditional medicine.

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The main objective of the experiment is aimed to examine the impact of paraquat dichloride on the body weights of adult male Wistar rats as well as in their haematological tissues. The total number of male Wistar rats was 48 and was divided into 4 groups of 12 each. The 1st group (Test 1) served as control. The other three groups served as experimental groups in which the paraquat dichloride was administered. The experimental groups which are 2nd group (Test 2), 3rd group (Test 3) and 4th group (Test 4) received doses of paraquat dichloride of 10 mg/kg b.wt/per oral/day, 20 mg/kg b.wt/per oral/day and 40 mg/kg b.wt/per oral/day respectively. The experiment was carried out for a time duration of 42 days. The mean values of body weights, erythrocyte indices, total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leucocyte count (TLC) and Hb concentrations were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in Test 2, 3 and 4 rats, excluding packed cell volume (PCV), which in comparison to the control groups. Outcomes and observations from hematological parameters and bone marrow revealed the toxicity of paraquat dichloride to hematological tissues resulting in anemia and bone marrow hypoplasia which eventually leads to failure of the bone marrow and extensively hematopoietic system of adult male Wistar rats following long term exposure and high concentration.

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